目的 了解长期血液透析患者疼痛状况及其对生活质量的影响。 方法 选择北京协和医院维持性血液透析5年以上患者33例，平均年龄(60.7±9.6)岁，平均透析龄为(9.5±3.9)年(5～17年)。收集患者一般临床资料，用简明疼痛问卷(brief pain inventory,BPI)调查，了解疼痛原因、性质、程度和部位，及其对生活的影响；用SF-36健康调查量表调查患者生活质量。 结果 本组患者疼痛的发生率为75.8%，主要疼痛部位：肩(51.5%)、膝(36.4%)、腕(18.2%)、髋(15.2%)。自我疼痛程度评分为(3.7±1.9)分(0～10分)，24.2%的患者需要长期服用止痛药来缓解疼痛。疼痛的程度和部位与患者的年龄、性别、原发病、透析时间、Kt/V、血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素和血红蛋白没有关系。疼痛患者SF-36健康调查量表多方面得分均低于非疼痛患者。 结论 长期透析患者慢性疼痛发生率高，严重影响其生活质量，值得关注。
【Abstract】 Objective To study the association between pain and life quality in patients with long-term hemodialysis. Methods A total of 33 patients with hemodialysis for more than 5 years from Peking Union Medical College Hospital were selected. The mean age of these patients was 60.7±9.6 years old. The average HD period was 9.5±3.9（5-17）years. The general conditions and biochemical data were collected. Brief Pain Inventory evaluated the pain. SF-36 scales assessed their life quality. Results 75.8% patients had chronic pain. The usually affected parts were shoulder (51.5%), knee (36.4%), wrist (18.2%) and hip (15.2%). The average pain scale was 3.7±1.9 (numerical scale 0-10). 24.2% patients were receiving anti-inflammatory drugs. There were no demographic, serological, and dialysis-related predictors for pain (such as age, primary disease, hemodialysis period, KT/V, Ca, P, PTH and Hb). Patients who complained of pain got less scaled scores of SF-36 (P<0.05). Conclusion Pain was a significant problem for long-term HD patients and affected the quality of life. Nephrologists should pay more attention on it.
