【摘要】 目的 分析北京地区109家医疗机构血液透析室登记的2008年度与透析龄相关的数据，了解血液透析患者的部分流行病学特点。 方法 依据该年度该地区各血液透析单位登记了透析龄的7040例病例，按照透析龄及相应的性别、年龄、首次透析年龄、原发病进行分层分析。 结果 秩和检验提示透析龄长短的顺序为：女性患者长于男性；年龄方面0～40岁长于41～60岁，又长于＞60岁的患者；首次透析年龄与之不同，是41～60岁长于0～40岁，＞60岁的患者最短；对比2007年度间的调查结果，透析龄长短排序在年龄分层中变化显著，在首次透析年龄分层中则不很明显；样本较大的几种原发病方面以糖尿病的最短。 结论 性别、年龄、首次透析年龄和原发病对透析龄均有一定的影响，男性、首次透析年龄偏高或偏低和糖尿病等因素可能导致患者进入偏多或退出偏快。
【Abstract】 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hemodialysis (HD) patients through analyzing the HD duration-related data registered in 109 HD units in Beijing area, 2008. Methods Based on the registered HD duration from 7040 cases in these HD units in 2008, we carried out stratified analyses on HD duration according to sex, age, and the age when dialysis was first given (ADF), and primary disease. Results Rank sum test demonstrated that the orders of HD duration were females longer than males, patients of 0-40 years old longer than those of 41-60 years old, and patients of 41-60 years old longer than those of >60 years old. In addition, HD duration correlated with ADF, with the HD duration in patients of 41-60 years old longer than those of 0-40 years old, and the shortest duration in patients >60 years old. In comparison with the data in 2007, the order changes of HD duration in 2008 became significant in the stratification of age, but not in the stratification of ADF. In regard to several primary diseases with larger number of HD patients, diabetes was associated with the shortest HD duration. Conclusion HD duration correlated to gender, age, ADF and primary disease. Factors affecting more patients enrolled in HD treatment or with shorter HD duration were male gender, younger or older ADF, and diabetes.
