目的　观察骨化三醇注射液治疗血液透析患者继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(SHPT)的疗效。方法　随机选择维持性血液透析患者30例，根据血清全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)水平，确定骨化三醇注射液的剂量，比较治疗前及治疗后2、4、8周的iPTH、血钙和磷的变化及临床症状的缓解程度。结果 ① 30例患者治疗前血清iPTH 为(1218±295)pg/ml，治疗8 周后iPTH 降至(437±152)pg/ml，总达标率86.7%；②治疗过程中部分患者的血磷水平有一过性升高，高磷血症发生率40%，血钙水平未见明显升高；③临床症状如骨痛、四肢无力、皮肤瘙痒和关节痛等有不同程度改善，症状缓解较明显者占76.7%。 结论　骨化三醇注射液治疗血液透析患者SHPT安全、有效，临床症状改善较明显，但长期疗效和安全性有待进一步观察。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of calcitriol injection for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods A total of 30 MHD cases with elevated serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were randomly enrolled in this study. The dosage of 1,25(OH)2D3 was determined by the pre-therapeutic serum iPTH level. After the 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment for 0, 2, 4 and 8 weeks, serum iPTH, calcium and phosphorus were measured, and the remission degree of clinical symptoms were observed. Results (a) Before treatment, serum iPTH of the 30 patients was 1218±295pg/ml. After the therapy for 8 weeks, iPTH decreased to 437±152pg/ml, and iPTH became in the normal range in 86.7% patients. (b) Some patients experienced a transient increase of serum phosphate during the treatment period, with the hyperphosphataemia incidence to 40%, while there was no significant increase of serum calcium level. (c) Clinical symptoms such as osteodynia, myasthenia of limbs, itch of skin and arthralgia improved to various degrees, and 76.7% patients showed the improvement. Conclusion Calcitriol injection therapy is safe and efficient for MHD patients with SHPT, but its long-term effects and safety need to be further observed.