【摘要】目的   通过上海市透析登记及其结果分析，反映上海市终末期肾病患者透析治疗的总体现状。 方法 上海市血液透析质量控制中心通过上海市“透析登记网络”系统， 将2010年1月1日到2010年12月31日接受到的全市60家医院登记资料(其中开展血液透析共60所医院63家血透室，开展腹膜透析共38家医院)，对所登记的资料进行统计分析。 结果    2010年全年新增透析患者1621例(每百万人口发病率114.8pmp)，较上一年度增加9.2%；其中血透占75.8%，腹透占24.2%。2010年12月31日年末透析患者10508例(每百万人口点治疗率744.0pmp)，较上一年度增加14.6%；其中血液透析占80.6%，腹膜透析占19.4%。透析患者主要原发病因仍然是慢性肾小球肾炎(46.2%)，新增透析患者中，糖尿病占第2位(19.5%)。全年透析患者主要死亡原因依次为脑血管意外(22.4%)、感染(19.6%)和心血管事件(15.2%)；年末透析患者中透析龄5年以上的占30.8%。患者透析充分性、贫血治疗状况、乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒感染控制不断改善和提高。 结论     上海市终末期肾脏病(ESRD)透析患者逐年增加，主要原发病因为肾小球肾炎，新增患者中，糖尿病患者逐年增加，血液透析仍是目前上海市ESRD患者主要透析治疗模式。

【Abstract】Objective This report is based on the data (up to December 31, 2010) from Shanghai Renal Registry Network. Our aim is to explore the current status of dialysis in Shanghai.  Methods Data are collected from Shanghai Renal Registry Network in 2010. All of dialysis centers (n=63) in Shanghai enter the registry system.  Results The incidence of new dialysis patients was 1621 (114.8 patients per million), of which 75.8% were on hemodialysis (HD) and 24.2% on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The point prevalence of dialysis patients on Dec 31, 2010 is 10508 (744.0 patients per million), of which 80.6% were on hemodialysis (HD) and 19.4% on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The main cause for end stage renal disease (ESRD) is chronic glomerulonephritis. However, the incidence of diabetes is increasing from 17.2% to 19.5% within four years, and account for the second major cause for ESRD. Death rate is decreased from 8.4% in 2006 to 4.6% in 2010. Dialysis adequacy, hepatitis infection control and anemia treatment are improved.  Conclusions Dialysis population is continuously growing during recently years in Shanghai. Chronic glomerulonephritis is the main cause for ESRD patients. The main dialysis modality for ESRD patients is hemodialysis in Shanghai