目的： 观察血液透析患者骨密度变化特点及分析运动强度及透析龄对其影响，为骨质疏松早期预防提供临床依据。方法：120例维持性血液透析患者，以双能X线（dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, DEXA）骨密度仪测定腰椎及股骨近端密度，同时记录患者身高、体质量、透析程度和运动情况，检测血生化指标，行相关性分析。结果：120例血液透析患者骨质疏松发生率为38.33%，运动组与不运动组比较，股骨近端及腰椎骨密度T值均有显著性差异（t=2.578, P <0.01；t=3.074, P <0.01），股骨近端及腰椎骨密度T值均与透析时间成负相关(t=-0.419,P=0.01;t=-0.378,P=0.02)，结论：不运动，透析时间长是血液透析患者骨质疏松的重要危险因素。

Objective To provide the clinical basis for early prevention of osteoporosis, we investigated the change of bone mineral density, and analyzed the effects of exercise intensity and dialysis age on bone mineral density in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods A total of 120 MHD patients were recruited. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), bone mineral densities of lumbar spine and proximal femur by a bone mineral densitometer, body height and weight, dialysis adequacy, daily exercise, and blood biochemistry parameters were measured and recorded. Correlation study was performed to evaluate their relationships. Results The prevalence of osteoporosis was 38.33% in MHD patients. The t values for bone mineral densities of proximal femur and lumbar spine were significantly different between patients with higher exercise intensity and those with lower exercise intensity (t =2.578, P＜0.01; t =3.074, P＜0.01), and were negatively correlated with dialysis age (t =-0.419, P=0.01; t =-0.378, P=0.02). Conclusion Lower exercise intensity and longer dialysis age are the important risk factors for osteoporosis in MHD patients.