肾细胞死亡是导致急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)的重要病理基础，多种肾细胞死亡形式参与AKI 发生，如凋亡、调节性坏死(包括坏死性凋亡、细胞焦亡、铁坏死)。目前，针对肾细胞死亡的靶向治疗是AKI 治疗中的研究热点。本综述主要阐述不同肾细胞死亡形式在AKI 中的作用及机制以及针对肾细胞死亡机制的AKI靶向治疗的最新研究，以期为AKI 治疗提供新的理论基础。

Renal cell death is an important pathological basis for acute kidney injury (AKI). Various forms of renal cell death such as apoptosis and regulated necrosis (including necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis) are involved in the pathogenesis of AKI. Nowadays, targeting renal cell death for AKI therapy has become a hot issue in this area. This review highlights the mechanisms and roles of different forms of renal cell death in AKI and the recent advances in targeting renal cell death for AKI therapy, in order to provide a new theoretical foundation for the treatment of AKI.