基于上腔静脉及其附近大管径中心静脉的解剖特征，过去关于上腔静脉综合征的研究多集中于恶性肿瘤领域。随着血液净化中心静脉置管技术的普遍应用和发展，以及对血液透析预后状况及维持血管通路寿命的长远考虑，与此相关的上腔静脉综合征逐渐得到重视。因此，明确血液透析中心静脉导管相关性上腔静脉综合征的发病现状、机制，早期影像诊断及治疗策略具有重要意义。

Due to the unique anatomic characteristics of superior vena cava and adjacent veins, superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) was mainly reported in malignancies in earlier cases and studies. With the development of central venous catheter (CVC) indwelling technique for hemodialysis and the concerning
about the prognosis and longer vascular access in hemodialysis patients, CVC-induced SVCS has been emphasized in clinical practice. Therefore, it is clinically significant to clarify the prevalence, mechanism, early imaging diagnosis and management strategy of SVCS in hemodialysis patients using CVC for vascular
access.