我国维持性血液透析患者呈井喷式增长。目前医院所属的血液透析中心日趋饱和，而社区透析已渐成规模和趋势。本文从国内外透析现状说起，就社区开展血液透析可能遇到的问题及可能的解决方案做一述评，包括国家政策和实施条件(空间成本、设备和耗材成本、实验室检查条件和人员成本)。

In China, the number of patients under maintenance hemodialysis increases significantly. Now hemodialysis centers belonging to the public hospitals are fully occupied, while community hemodialysis centers are growing. In this review, we first discuss the current situation of dialysis in China and worldwide, and then comment on the possible problems and their solutions including government policy and implementation conditions (cost for space, equipment, consumables, laboratory examinations and personnel) in the development of community hemodialysis in China