目的探讨基于5E 模式的个体化管理对尿毒症患者腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的影响。方法 将110 例病情稳定的腹膜透析患者随机分为对照组和实验组，各50 例。对照组患者接受常规护理；实验组患者在接受常规护理的基础上进行为期1 年的个体化护理干预，包括鼓励、教育、锻炼、工作及评估五大部分。观察并比较分析两组患者干预前后腹膜炎的发生情况、腹膜透析操作行为、炎症相关症状等的情况。结果共109 例患者(实验组55 例，对照组54 例)完成研究。干预后实验组腹膜炎发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.939，P=0.037)。干预前，两组患者操作规范(χ2=0.019，P=0.889)、炎症症状(χ2=0.324，P=0.569)等情况差异无统计学意义，干预后，实验组患者操作规范(χ2=5.928，P=0.013)、炎症症状(χ2=7.210，P=0.007)等情况优于对照组，差异有统计学意义。结论通过实施基于5E 模式的个体化护理干预，可以减少炎症相关症状的出现和腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的发生，提高患者腹膜透析操作的规范性。

Objective To study the effect of individual management based on the 5E rehabilitation program on peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis in uremic patients undergoing PD. Methods A total of 110 PD patients were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n=54) treated with routine care procedures and the experimental group (n=55) treated with individual management including encouragement, education, exercise, employment and evaluation (5E) in addition to the routine care procedures. After one year, peritonitis, PD operation behavior, and inflammation-related symptoms before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 109 PD patients were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of peritonitis was lower in the experimental group than in the control group (t=3.939, P=0.037). PD operation behavior and inflammation-related symptoms were statistically insignificant (t=3.939, P=0.037 for PD operation behavior; χ2=0.019, P=0.889 for inflammation-related symptoms) before the intervention between the two groups, but were better in the experimental group than in the control group (χ2=5.928, P=0.013 for PD operation behavior; χ2=7.210, P=0.007 for inflammation- related symptoms). Conclusion The individual management based on the 5E rehabilitation program can reduce inflammation- related symptoms and PD-related peritonitis, and improve PD operation in PD patients.