丙型肝炎病毒可导致肾脏损伤，增加透析人群全因死亡及心血管死亡率，降低肾移植后移植物存活率，控制慢性肾脏病患者的丙型肝炎感染十分重要。但是，对于透析患者干扰素为基础的抗病毒治疗副作用多，病毒应答较低，干扰素与肾移植后排斥反应及移植物失功密切相关，在血液透析和肾移植人群中使用较少。直接抗病毒药物是一种新问世的抗病毒药物，具有高效、低副作用的特点，将为此类患者提供新的治疗可能。

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can cause renal injury, increase the all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the dialysis population, and decrease the graft survival among kidney transplant patients. Control of HCV infection is therefore critical to these patients. Interferon-based therapy is rarely used among dialysis and kidney transplant patients due to its frequent side effects, low virological responses, higher rejection and graft failure. The presence of highly efficacious, well-tolerated direct-acting antiviral agents provides an ideal way to cure HCV infection in chronic kidney disease patients.