慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease，CKD)非常常见,约10 %～15%的成人患有CKD,而且还有增加的趋势。慢性肾脏病是心血管事件的独立危险因素，同时，心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease，CVD)也是CKD 患者的首位死亡原因。目前临床研究已证实阿司匹林在普通人群CVD 一、二级预防中的重要作用。但是，对于阿司匹林是否可以预防CKD 患者的心血管事件临床还暂无定论。本综述查阅现有文献，就小剂量阿司匹林是否可预防CKD 患者的心血管事件综述如下：小剂量阿司匹林对非血液透析和血液透析慢性肾脏病患者的心血管事件是否有预防作用目前并未肯定，还需进一步高质量大样本的前瞻性临床试验来验证。

The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high, about 10～15% of adults have CKD, and the incidence is even increasing. CKD is also an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. On the other hand, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the first cause of death in CKD patients. Clinical research has now confirmed that aspirin has important role in the primary and secondary prevention of CVD. However, clinical research has no conclusion about aspirin in the prevention of CVD in CKD patients. Here we review available literature and summarize that the effect of low-dose aspirin is unknown for the prevention of cardiovascular events in CKD patients without hemodialysis and on hemodialysis. Therefore, high quality and prospective clinical trials are required in the future.