慢性肾脏病终末期透析患者贫血患病率高，目前我国多地维持性血液透析患者贫血治疗的达标率较低，如何进一步纠正血液透析患者的贫血状态仍是我国肾脏病医生面临的重要挑战，而规范的贫血管理是我们迎接挑战的主要对策。在对血液透析患者的贫血管理中，临床医生应提高对贫血治疗的认识，认真评估干扰疗效的因素，密切监测贫血的各项指标，注意个体化治疗，尽可能使患者血红蛋白达到并维持在靶目标范围内，以提高患者的生活质量并减少患者的并发症和死亡风险。

Anemia is a common complication in end-stage renal disease patients. Currently, the percentage of hemodialysis patients with targeted hemoglobin concentration is still low in many areas in China. Appropriate anemia management is an important issue in the care of hemodialysis patients. For clinicians, awareness of anemia treatment, assessment of the interference factors on hemopoiesis, careful monitoring of hematological parameters, individualized management, and all efforts to achieve targeted hemoglobin concentration should be emphasized to raise the quality of life and to reduce complications and mortality in these patients.