【摘要】目的调查血液透析患者磷添加剂知识、态度及行为的现状，为血液透析护士对患者制定高磷血症健康教育提供参考依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷，应用方便抽样法进行问卷调查。结果患者磷添加剂知信行总得分为(29.15±5.43)分，处于中等水平。磷添加剂知识得分(8.36±3.55)分；态度得分(13.72±1.81)分；行为得分(7.07±2.18)分。患者磷添加剂水平受透析时间及血磷水平的影响。磷添加剂知信行的Pearson 相关分析：知识与态度、态度与行为呈显著正相关(r 值分别为0.2644,0.3806；P 值分别为0.0024,＜0.001)，知识与行为无相关性(r 值0.1621；P 值0.0654)。结论血液透析患者磷添加剂知识明显缺乏，其态度及行为均存在不足，应通过系统、正确的磷添加剂教育，使患者掌握磷添加剂的正确知识，鼓励并坚定控制血磷的信念，纠正并强化自我管理行为，从而改善患者血磷水平。

【Abstract】Objective To investigate knowledge, attitude, belief and practice towards phosphorus-based additives among hemodialysis patients in order to improve the health education of phosphorus-based additives for the patients. Methods We used self-designed questionnaire and convenient sampling method to investigate knowledge, attitude, belief and practice towards phosphorus- based additives in hemodialysis patients. Results The total score of the questionnaire was 29.15±5.43 points, corresponding to a moderate level. The score of pain knowledge was 8.36±3.55, the score of pain attitude was 13.72±1.81, and the score of analgesic behavior was 7.07±2.18. According to Pearson correlation analyses, knowledge and attitude were positively correlated with attitude and behavior (P<0.01), but no correlation was found between knowledge and behavior (P>0.05). Conclusion Knowledge, attitude, belief and practice health education model should be adopted to improve knowledge, attitude and behavior towards phosphorus-based additives to control serum phosphorus level in hemodialysis patients.