【摘要】杨桃(Star Fruit)中含有某种神经毒素，慢性肾脏病(chronic renal disease，CKD)患者食用后易出现中毒表现，死亡率高。临床表现主要为呃逆、恶心、呕吐、肢体麻木、意识障碍甚至癫痫和昏迷等神经毒性反应。近期研究发现，杨桃中的毒性物质为caramboxin，是一种脂溶性物质，有引起兴奋、惊厥和神经抑制表现的作用。针对杨桃中毒的治疗目前尚不统一，通常需要联合多种治疗，尤其是血液净化治疗。本文将就杨桃中毒的发病机制、临床表现、诊疗的研究进展做一介绍。

【Abstract】Star fruit contains neurotoxins that often cause intoxication with high mortality in chronic renal disease patients. Clinical manifestations of star fruit intoxication include hiccup, nausea, vomiting, limb numbness, consciousness disturbance, seizure and coma. The neurotoxin of star fruit is a liposoluble molecule called caramboxin, which has potent excitatory, convulsant and neurodegenerative properties. Currently, there is no consensus about the optimal strategy against star fruit intoxication. Comprehensive treatment strategy may be necessary and blood purification may be useful. In this paper, we introduce the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of star fruit intoxication.