【摘要】慢性肾脏病患者中贫血十分普遍，且患病率及严重程度随着患者肾小球滤过率的下降而升高。贫血可以出现各种临床症状，并导致患者心血管疾病风险、住院率和死亡率增加。心血管并发症是导致慢性肾脏病患者死亡的主要原因。左心室肥厚是发生心血管并发症的关键环节。慢性肾脏病贫血是患者左心室肥厚发生发展的重要独立危险因素，贫血改善可以逆转部分患者左心室肥厚，并降低患者心血管并发症的发病率和死亡率。

【Abstract】Anemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its prevalence and severity increases with the decrease of glomerular filtration rate. Anemia causes many symptoms related to renal dysfunction, and results into increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease, hospitalization rate and mortality in these patients. Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality in patients with CKD. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) plays a vital role in cardiovascular disease development. Anemia is an important independent risk factor for the development and progression of LVH in CKD patients. Anemia improvement in CKD patients can reverse LVH and reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular complications.