【摘要】慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)基础上的急性肾损伤(acute kidney injure, AKI)是CKD 的并发症之一，受多种因素的影响，可发生在CKD 病程中的任何阶段。CKD 与AKI 二者互为因果，恶性循环，严重地影响着患者的预后。因此，早期发现CKD 患者发生AKI，给予及时干预处理非常必要。本文就临床上判断CKD患者发生AKI 的主要关注点进行介绍。

【Abstract】The occurrence of acute kidney injure (AKI) on the basis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the complications in CKD patients. AKI can occur at any stage of CKD and is affected by many factors. AKI and CKD are mutually influenced, leading to deleterious cycles and negative impacts on the prognosis of patients. Therefore, it is essential to early detect and intervene in the AKI in CKD patients. This paper discusses the key points about the clinical diagnosis of AKI in CKD patients.