【摘要】血液透析是终末期肾脏病(end stage renal disease, ESDR)患者常用的肾脏替代治疗方法，良好的透析通路是保证透析顺利进行的前提，长期透析通路失功及并发症是临床面临的重要问题。除了血栓并发症外，还有狭窄、动脉瘤/假性动脉瘤、窃血综合征、中心静脉闭塞、高输出量心力衰竭、神经病变和感染等非血栓并发症，本文对相关内容进行阐述。

【Abstract】Hemodialysis is a common modality for renal replacement therapy in patients with end stage renal disease (ESDR). The favorable long-term vascular access ensures the success of hemodialysis. Longterm hemodialysis arteriovenous vascular access may induce a number of complications. In addition to the complication of thrombosis, other problems such as stenosis, aneurysm/pseudoaneurysm, steal syndrome, central venous obstruction, heart failure, neuropathy and infection may occur. These non- thrombotic complications are reviewed.