【摘要】目的调查维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者的运动自我效能水平及其影响因素，为临床上MHD 患者的运动干预提供可靠的参考。方法采用自行设计的一般资料调查表、运动自我效能量表、社会支持评定量表，对四川大学华西医院血液透析中心199 例患者进行横断面调查。结果患者运动自我效能总分中位数是40(12.22，58.33)分，得分取对数后，最高得分项是“因疾病使我停止运动，身体恢复后”(1.78±0.25)分，最低得分项是“当我运动觉得身体不舒适时”(1.61±0.30)分。多元线性回归分析显示性别 (β=-0.184, P=0.008)、体质量指数(body mass index, BMI) (β = -0.244, P＜0.001)、透析次数/周 (β=0.131,  P= 0.049)、社会支持(β=0.317,P＜0.001)是MHD 患者运动自我效能的影响因素，差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论MHD 患者的运动自我效能低，医护人员应根据不同的影响因素，制定个体化的运动方案实施，提高患者运动自我效能和机体活动能力。

【Abstract】Objective To investigate the exercise self-efficacy level and its influencing factors in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in order to provide a reliable reference for the exercise intervention in MHD patients. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 199 patients in the dialysis center was conducted using self- designed general data questionnaire, sports self- efficacy scale and social support rating scale. Results The total self-efficacy was 40 (12.22, 58.33) points in the MHD patients in this center. The highest score was “after the disease stopped me and the body recovered”(1.78±0.25 points), and the lowest score was“when I exercised I felt uncomfortable”(1.61±0.30 points). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that gender (β =-0.184, P=0.008), body mass index (BMI) (β =-0.244, P＜0.001), number of dialysis per week (β=0.131, P=0.049) and social support (β=0.317, P＜0.001) were the factors affecting exercise self-efficacy in MHD patients. Conclusion The exercise self-efficacy was low in MHD patients. Medical staffs should develop personalized exercise plans based on different influencing factors to improve the exercise self-efficacy and physical activity in MHD patients.