【摘要】目的调查我国血液透析中心医务人员对《血液透析及相关治疗用水》YY0572-2015 的认知及实践情况，发现认知不足及实践中的问题。方法通过中国医院协会组织发放调查问卷，采用微信平台收集数据，进行资料汇总和统计分析。结果此次针对细菌和内毒素最大允许值的调查，认知正确率分别为87%和75%。实践状况调查中，细菌总数检测结果和内毒素检测结果没有超过干预水平的分别占58.7%和66.2%。透析中心检测总氯的占76%。结论我国血液透析中心医务人员对此标准认知及实践均存在不足，应加强专业人员的培训力度，并培养专职工程(技)师，规范各项操作过程，保证透析患者安全。

【Abstract】Objective To nationwide investigate the dialysis center staff to understand and practice the “Water for Hemodialysis and Related Therapies” YY0572-2015, and to find out their shortages in the cognition and performance of this standard. Methods Questionnaires were distributed by the China Hospital Association. Data were collected by the WeChat plateform and analyzed by MS Excel. Results The correct cognition rates of bacteria and endotoxin were 87% and 75% respectively. In the investigation for performance, the percentages of total bacterial count and endotoxin test result below the intervention levels were 58.7% and 66.2% respectively; 76% of the dialysis center monitored total chlorine content. Conclusion The cognition and performance of this standard are insufficient in dialysis center staff nationwide. Training of professional staff should be strengthened especially for the full-time technicians. The operation processes should also be standardized to ensure the safety of dialysis patients.