【摘要】小分子溶质清除是腹膜透析患者透析充分性评估的重要组成部分，本研究主要从其主要指标—尿素清除指数的定义、测定方法、与患者预后的相关研究及进展以及其可能的影响因素等方面进行阐述。尿素清除指数被认为与患者的体质量指数、性别、能量代谢率、种族等因素相关，其对腹膜透析患者预后的独立影响作用仍存在争议。在此基础上，本研究对尿素清除指数在腹膜透析小分子溶质清除评估中的作用及其局限性进行深入分析。

【Abstract】Small molecule solute clearance is an important parameter in the evaluation of dialysis adequacy of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Here we discuss its main evaluation indicator - Kt/Vurea, including its definition, measurement method, research and progress relating to patient’s prognosis, and possible influencing factors. The value of Kt/Vurea is also related to patient's body mass index, gender, energy metabolism rate, ethnicity and other factors. It remains controversial that Kt/Vurea would independently affect the prognosis of PD patients. This review analyzes the role and limitation of Kt/Vurea in the assessment of small molecule solute clearance in PD.