【摘要】目的调查成都市血液透析护士对内瘘专科知识的掌握现状，并分析其影响因素。方法基于《中国血液透析用血管通路专家共识(第2 版)》，设计血液透析内瘘专科知识问卷，对成都市血液透析护士进行问卷调查，利用“问卷星”进行收集资料。结果64.3%血液透析护士内瘘专科知识处于低水平；透析中心工作年资(β=0.332，P＜0.001)、是否是专科护士(β=-0.266，P＜0.001)、工作职称(β= 0.279，P=0.003)是动静脉内瘘(arteriovenous fistula, AVF)相关知识水平的影响因素。结论成都市血液透析护士对内瘘专科知识掌握现状不佳，尤其是关于内瘘成熟度相关知识。建议对专科内瘘知识进行培训，以提高血液透析护士的专科知识。
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the mastery of arteriovenous fistula (AFV) knowledge in hemodialysis nurses in Chengdu and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods Based on the Expert Consensus on Vascular Access for Hemodialysis in China (2nd edition), a questionnaire was designed to investigate the knowledge of AVF in hemodialysis nurses in Chengdu. The data were collected by "questionnaire star". Results The professional knowledge of AVF at a low level was found in 64.3% of hemodialysis nurses. Years of experience in dialysis centers (β=0.332, P＜0.001), whether a specialized nurse (β=-0.266,P＜0.001), and job title (β=0.279,P=0.003) were the factors influencing the level of AVF knowledge. Conclusion Hemodialysis
nurses in Chengdu have a poor knowledge of AVF, especially about the maturity of AVF. We suggest to enforce the training in order to improve the professional knowledge of AVF in hemodialysis nurses.
1. US Renal Data System 2018 Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States[J]. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2019, 73(3):A7-A8.
2. Ohira S, Naito H, Amano I, et al. 2005 Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy guidelines for vascular access construction and repair for chronic hemodialysis. Therapher Dial. 2006;10：449–462.
3. Li K T , Lui S L , Ng K C , et al. Addressing the burden of dialysis around the world: A summary of the roundtable discussion on dialysis economics at the First International Congress of Chinese Nephrologists 2015[J]. Nephrology, 2017, 22:3-8.
4. 中国医院协会血液净化中心分会血管通路工作组.中国血液透析用血管通路专家共识(第2版)[J].中国血液净化,2019,18(6)：365-381.
5. 杨淼淼, 赵慧华, 杨振华,等. 上海市维持性血液透析患者动静脉内瘘知识现状及相关因素的多中心研究[J]. 中国血液净化, 2017, 16(10)：702-705.
6. Sousa CN,Ap6stolo JL Figueiredo MH．et a1．Physical examination： how to examine the arm with artefiovenous fistula[J]．Hemodial Int,2013,17：300—306．
7. 安可,李梅.护理干预对预防动静脉内瘘成熟不良的效果影响[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2010,16(25)：79-81.
8. 李丹, 孙娟华, 邹春芳, et al. 肿瘤科护理人员癌症疼痛管理的知识和态度调查分析[J]. 中国实用护理杂志, 2019, 35(21)：1651-1656.
9. 刘沐琴.血液透析室新护士的带教体会[J].内蒙古中医药,2012,31(3)：155-156.
10. 唐春苑,王饶萍,叶晓青, 等.血透室新护士规范化培训方法[J].护理学报,2006,13(8)：82-84.
11.王晨, WangChen. 血液净化专科护士培训的实践[J]. 护理学杂志, 2012, 27(1)：64-65.
12. 何梦雪,陆红,沈南平, 等.全国14所医院小儿肿瘤科护士专科护理知识的问卷调查及影响因素分析[J].上海交通大学学报（医学版）,2015,35(3)：427-431.
13. Yousif K I , Abu-Aisha H , Abboud O I . The effect of an educational program for vascular access care on nurses’ knowledge at dialysis centers in Khartoum State, Sudan[J]. Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation： an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia, 2017, 28(5)：1027.
