【摘要】目的探究基于病友共情延续性健康教育模式的构筑对维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis，MHD)患者负性情绪及生活质量的影响。方法选取2018 年6 月～2019 年6 月在武汉大学人民医院行血液透析治疗的80 例门诊患者，随机分为实验组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)，其中对照组采用常规的健康教育模式，实验组在对照组实施方案基础上构筑病友共情模式。3 个月后采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)评估2 组患者的焦虑、抑郁程度；采用健康测评量表(the MOS item short from health survey,SF-36)评估2 组患者的生活质量。结果实验3 个月后，2 组干预后的SAS 和SDS 评分较对照组明显改善(t 值分别为4.747，5.731；P 值分别为＜0.001，＜0.001)；干预后实验组较对照组SF36 评分在躯体功能、躯体角色、肌体痛疼、心理卫生、活力、社会功能、情绪角色和总体健康得分明显提高(t 值分别为14.810，5.487,5.512，5.706，15.880，9.100，3.885，3.496；P 值分别为＜0.001，＜0.001，＜0.001，＜0.001，＜0.001，＜0.001，＜0.001，＜0.001)。结论构筑病友共情的延续性健康教育模式能够有效缓解MHD 患者的负性情绪发生、发展，并能提高其生活质量，值得临床推广。
【Abstract】Objective To explore the influence of building a continuous health education model based on patients' empathy on the negative emotion and quality of life in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods During the period from June 2018 to June 2019, 80 outpatients on hemodialysis were randomly divided into experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=40). Conventional health education model was adopted for control group, and a continuous health education model based on patients' empathy in addition to the conventional health education model were used for experimental group. After the intervention for 3 months, the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess the anxiety and depression, and the MOS item short form health survey (SF-36) was used to assess the quality of life of the patients. Results After the intervention for 3 months, the SAS and SDS scores were significantly improved in experimental group as compared with those in control group (t=4.747 and 5.731 respectively; P<0.001). The scores of body function, body role, extremity pain, psychological hygiene, activity, social function, emotional role and overall health in SF-36 were significantly increased as compared with those in control group (t=14.810, 5.487, 5.512, 5.706, 15.880, 9.100, 3.885 and 3.496 respectively; P<0.001). Conclusion The continuous health education model of patients' empathy can effectively alleviate the occurrence and development of negative emotion in MHD patients, and improve their quality of life. This method is worthy of clinical use.
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