【摘要】目的评估维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis，MHD)患者体能水平，并确定MHD 患者体能水平的重要预测因子。方法本研究包括103 例在四川大学华西医院行MHD 的患者，调查其一般资料及体能水平(6min 步行试验、握力、Berg 平衡量表)现状。结果MHD 患者体能水平均显著下降，6min 步行试验总距离为(424.64±91.45)m；握力为(24.97±8.55)Kg；Berg 平衡量表得分为(50.90±5.76)。多元线性回归显示睡眠障碍是影响患者6min 步行试验的独立危险因素(β=-0.365，P=0.001)；年龄、体质量指数是影响患者握力的独立危险因素(β 值分别为-0.431，0.301；P 值分别为＜0.001，0.002)；年龄、糖尿病是影响患者平衡能力的独立危险因素(β 值分别为-0.280，-0.275；P 值分别为0.013，0.023)。结论MHD 患者体能水平是下降的，应及早识别危险因素，重视多学科合作，维持或提高患者体能水平，促使患者提高生活质量、回归社会。

【Abstract】Objective To assess the physical fitness level and to determine the important predictors for physical fitness level in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods This study included 103 MHD patients treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, and investigated their general data and physical fitness levels including six-minute walking test, grip strength and Berg balance scale. Results The physical ability decreased significantly in MHD patients. The total distance of 6- minute walking test was 424.64 ±91.45m, the grip strength was 24.97±8.55kg, and the score of Berg balance scale was 50.90±5.76. Multivariate linear regression showed that sleep disorder (β=-0.365, P=0.001) was the independent risk factor for 6-minute walking test; age (β= -0.431, P=0.000) and BMI (β=0.301, P=0.002) were the independent risk factors for grip strength; age (β=-0.280, P=0.013) and diabetes (β=-0.275, P=0.023) were the independent risk factors for balance ability. Conclusion The physical fitness level reduced in MHD patients. Early recognition of risk factors for physical fitness level, multi-disciplinary cooperation, and maintenance and promotion of physical fitness level are important measures to improve their quality of life and return to society.