【摘要】目的调查维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者矿物质和骨代谢异常(mineral and bone disorder,MBD)知识行为现况，探讨其影响因素，为相关干预研究提供依据。方法采用慢性肾脏病MBD 知识行为问卷，对上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院303 例行MHD 患者进行调查。结果MHD 患者MBD 知识得分为(21.21±10.14)分，得分指数为46.11%；行为得分为(99.43± 8.22)分，得分指数为82.86%。其中教育程度(β=0.463,P＜0.001)、年龄(β=-0.243,P＜0.001)、每日服药总数(β=-0.211,P＜0.001)及透析龄(β=0.160,P＜0.001)是MHD 患者MBD 知识影响因素；性别(β=0.245, P＜0.001)、每日服药总数(β =- 0.193,P＜0.001)、年龄(β =0.177,P=0.001) 及合并症(β =0.169, P=0.002)是MHD 患者MBD 行为影响因素。结论MHD 患者MBD 知识和行为有待提高且受多因素影响。护理人员应基于患者个性特征制定个性化干预措施，提高知识水平，促进行为改善。
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the present status and related factors about the knowledge and behavior of chronic kidney disease- mineral and bone disorder (CKD- MBD) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in order to provide the evidence for the improvement of intervention strategies. Methods A total of 303 MHD patients were investigated cross- sectionally using the general data questionnaire and the knowledge and behavior of CKD-MBD questionnaire. Results The score of knowledge about CKD-MBD was 21.21±10.14 and the score index was 46.11%; the behavior score was 99.43±8.22 and the score index was 82.86%. Our data indicate that the knowledge is affected by education (β=0.463, P<0.001), age (β=-0.243, P< 0.001), the amount of the medications the patients took (β=-0.211, P<0.001), and dialysis time (β=0.160, P< 0.001). The factors regulating the patients’behavior include gender (β=0.245, P<0.001), the amount of medications the patients took (β=-0.193, P<0.001), age (β=0.177, P=0.00), and complications (β=0.169, P=0.002). Conclusion The knowledge and behavior of CKD-MBD were insufficient and were affected by multiple factors in MHD patients. To improve the knowledge and behavior of CKD-MBD in MHD patients, nurses must adopt the interventions individually based on these factors.
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