【摘要】慢性肾脏病患病率逐年攀升，且其合并心血管疾病和死亡风险的增加，造成沉重的社会疾病经济负担。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(obstructive sleep apnea,OSA)不仅是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease, CKD)发生及进展的独立危险因素，而且在慢性肾脏病患者中发生率较高。近年来，越来越多的研究表明OSA 与CKD 之间存在双向关系。因此，认识两者之间的关系并早期加以干预有助于缓解OSA 症状，延缓CKD 进展，提升生活质量。本文主要综述OSA 与CKD 之间的联系，包括了流行病学、发病机制及治疗策略。

【Abstract】Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is regarded as an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease and is highly prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In recent years, increasing evidence has demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and chronic kidney disease. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the relationship and early intervention could alleviate symptoms of OSA and potentially prevent or delay CKD progression, which ultimately allows for improvement of quality of life. This review mainly focuses on the bidirectional relationship between OSA and CKD, including the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment strategies.