[1]中国产业研究院.血液透析中心行业市场分析及血液透析人数增长情况[EB/OL].2020-03-02)[2020-08-20]. https://www.chinairn.com/news/20200302/160608195.shtml.
[2]Khwaja A.KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury[J].Nephron Clin Pract, 2012, 120(4):c179-84
[3]Stamatiadis DN, Helioti H, Mansour M, et al.Hemodialysis for patients bleeding or at risk for bleeding,can be simple,safe and efficient[J].Clin Nephrol, 2004, 62(1):29-34
[4]Sahota S, Rodby R.Inpatient hemodialysis without anticoagulation in adults[J].Clin Kidney J, 2014, 7(6):552-556
[5]Lee KB, Kim B, Lee YH, et al.Hemodialysis using heparin-bound Hemophan in patients at risk of bleeding[J].Nephron Clin Pract, 2004, 97(1):c5-c10
[6]Guéry B, Alberti C, Servais A, et al.Hemodialysis without systemic anticoagulation: a prospective randomized trial to evaluate 3 strategies in patients at risk of bleeding[J].PLoS One, 2014, 9(5):e97187-e97187
[7]Laville M, Dorval M, Fort Ros J, et al.Results of the HepZero study comparing heparin-grafted membrane and standard care show that heparin-grafted dialyzer is safe and easy to use for heparin-free dialysis[J].Kidney Int, 2014, 86(6):1260-1267
[8]陈香美.血液净化标准操作规程[M]. 北京:人民军医出版, 2010:231.
[9]Charif R, Davenport A.Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: an uncommon but serious complication of heparin use in renal replacement therapy[J].Hemodial Int, 2006, 10(3):235-240
[10]Visentin GP, Ford SE, Scott JP, et al.Antibodies from patients withheparin-induced thrombocytopeniathrombosis are specific for platelet factor 4 complexed with heparin or bound to endothelial cells[J].J Clin Invest, 1994, 93(1):81-88
[11]Warkentin TE, Levine MN, Hirsh J, et al.Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients treated with low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin[J].N Engl J Med, 1995, 332(20):1330-1335
[12]Saltissi D, Morgan C, Westhuyzen J, et al.Comparison of low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin sodium) and standard unfractionated heparin for haemodialysis anticoagulation[J].Nephrol Dial Transplant, 1999, 14(11):2698-2703
[13]Dorsch O, Krieter DH, Lemke HD, et al.A multi-center, prospective, open-label, 8-week study of certoparin for anticoagulation during maintenance hemodialysis--the membrane study[J]. BMC nephrology, 2012, 13:50-50.[J].BMC nephrology, 2012, 13:50-50
[14]Al-Saran KA, Sabry A, Taha M, et al.Profile of low molecular weight tinzaparin sodium for anticoagulation during hemodialysis[J].Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl, 2010, 21(1):43-49
[15]Davenport A.What are the anticoagulation options for intermittent hemodialysis?[J].Nat Rev Nephrol, 2011, 7(9):499-508
[16]Zoccali C.European Best Practice Guidelines for Haemodialysis (Part 1)[J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2002, 17:64-66.[J].Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2002, 17:64-66
[17]Kerr P, Perkovic V, Petrie J, et al.Caring for Australians with Renal Impairment (CARI)The CARI guidelines. Dialysis adequacy (HD) guidelines[J].Nephrology (Carlton), 2005, 10(Suppl 4):S61-80
[18]Sridharan S, Berdeprado J, Sivalingam M, et al.Dalteparin dosing in high-flux haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration[J].Nephron Clin Pract, 2012, 122(1-2):53-57
[19]Kufel WD, Seabury RW, Darko W, et al.Clinical Feasibility of Monitoring Enoxaparin Anti-Xa Concentrations: Are We Getting It Right[J]? Hosp Pharm, 2017, 52(3):214-220.[J].Hosp Pharm, 2017, 52(3):214-220
[20]Hirsh J, Warkentin TE, Shaughnessy SG, et al.Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin: mechanisms of action,pharmacokinetics,dosing,monitoring,efficacy,and safety[J].Chest, 2001, 119(Suppl 1):64-S
[21]Lim W, Dentali F, Eikelboom JW, et al.Meta-analysis: low-molecular-weight heparin and bleeding in patients with severe renal insufficiency[J].Ann Intern Med, 2006, 144(9):673-684
[22]Spinler SA, Inverso SM, Cohen M, et al.Safety and efficacy of unfractionated heparin versus enoxaparin in patients who are obese and patients with severe renal impairment: analysis from the ESSENCE and TIMI 11B studies[J].Am Heart J, 2003, 146(1):33-41
[23]Macie C, Forbes L, Foster GA, et al.Dosing practices and risk factors for bleeding in patients receiving enoxaparin for the treatment of an acute coronary syndrome[J].Chest, 2004, 125(5):1616-1621
[24]Schmid P, Brodmann D, Odermatt Y, et al.Study of bioaccumulation of dalteparin at a therapeutic dose in patients with renal insufficiency[J].J Thromb Haemost, 2009, 7(10):1629-1632
[25]Cook D, Douketis J, Meade M, et al.Venous thromboembolism and bleeding in critically ill patients with severe renal insufficiency receiving dalteparin thromboprophylaxis: prevalence,incidence and risk factors[J].Crit Care, 2008, 12(2):R32-R32
[26]Douketis J, Cook D, Meade M, et al.Prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis in critically ill patients with severe renal insufficiency with the low-molecular-weight heparin dalteparin: an assessment of safety and pharmacodynamics: the DIRECT study[J].Arch Intern Med, 2008, 168(16):1805-1812
[27]Siguret V, Gouin-Thibault I, Pautas E, et al.No accumulation of the peak anti-factor Xa activity of tinzaparin in elderly patients with moderate-to-severe renal impairment: the IRIS substudy[J].J Thromb Haemost, 2011, 9(10):1966-1972
[28]Johansen KB, Balchen T.Tinzaparin and other low-molecular-weight heparins: what is the evidence for differential dependence on renal clearance[J]? Exp Hematol Oncol, 2013, 2:21.[J].Exp Hematol Oncol, 2013, 2:21-21
[29]Hainer JW, Sherrard DJ, Swan SK, et al.Intravenous and subcutaneous weight-based dosing of the low molecular heparin versus warfarin in the prevention of recurrences after weight heparin tinzaparin (Innohep) in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis[J].Am J Kidney Dis, 2002, 40(3):531-538
[30]Baumelou A, Singlas E, Petitclerc T, et al.Pharmacokinetics of a low molecular weight heparin (reviparine) in hemodialyzed patients[J].Nephron, 1994, 68(2):202-206
[31]Polkinghorne KR, McMahon LP, Becker GJ.Pharmacokinetic studies of dalteparin (Fragmin),enoxaparin(Clexane),and danaparoid sodium (Orgaran) in stable chronic hemodialysis patients[J].Am J Kidney Dis, 2002, 40(5):990-995
[32]陶梅.抗Xa因子活性检测在血液透析LMWH抗凝治疗中的应用[D].安徽: 蚌埠医学院, 2020.
[33]Bara L, Leizorovicz A, Picolet H, et al.Correlation between anti-Xa and occurrence of thrombosis and haemorrhage in post-surgical patients treated with either Logiparin (LMWH) or unfractionated heparinPost-surgery Logiparin Study Group[J].Thromb Res, 1992, 65(4-5):641-650
[34]Gouin-Thibault I, Pautas E, Siguret V.Safety profile of different low-molecular weight heparins used at therapeutic dose[J].Drug Saf, 2005, 28(4):333-349
[35]Atiq F, van den Bemt PM, Leebeek FW, et al.A systematic review on the accumulation of prophylactic dosages of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) in patients with renal insufficiency[J].Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 2015, 71(8):921-929
[36]Singer M, McNally T, Screaton G, et al.Heparin clearance during continuous veno-venous haemofiltration[J].Intensive Care Med, 1994, 20(3):212-215
[37]Despas N, Larock AS, Jacqmin H, et al.Heparin monitoring: clinical outcome and practical approach[J].Ann Biol Clin (Paris), 2016, 74(6):637-652
[38]张倩倩, 康经武.体积排阻色谱法测定低分子量肝素抗凝血因子的活性[J].色谱, 2013, 31(7):684-690
[39]Bates SM, Greer IA, Middeldorp S, et al.VTE,thrombophilia,antithrombotic therapy,and pregnancy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis,9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines[J].Chest, 2012, 141(2 Suppl):e691-S
[40]Garcia DA, Baglin TP, Weitz JI, et al.Parenteral anticoagulants: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis,9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines[J].Chest, 2012, 141(Suppl2):e24-S
[41]DalteparineFarmacotherapeutischKompas.https://www.farmacotherapeutischkompas.nl/bladeren-volgens-boek/preparaatteksten -/d/dalteparine (cited January 3, 2017).
[42]王辰.肺血栓栓塞症诊治与预防指南[J].中华医学杂志, 2018, 98(14):1060-1087
[43]Ireland H, Lane DA, Curtis JR, et al.Objective assessment of heparin requirements for hemodialysis in humans[J].J Lab Clin Med, 1984, 103(4):643-652
[44]Schrader J, Stibbe W, Armstrong VW, et al.Comparison of low molecular weight heparin to standard heparin in hemodialysishemofiltration[J].Kidney Int, 1988, 33(4):890-896
[45]Dhondt A, Pauwels R, Devreese K, et al.Where and when to inject low molecular weight heparin in hemodiafiltration? A Cross Over Randomised Trial[J].PloS one, 2015, 10(6):e0128634-e0128634
[46]董婷, 江黎明, 谢燕, 等.抗因子活性测定在血液透析老年患者中的应用[J].血栓与止血学, 2014, 20(6):322-325
[47]Rabbat CG, Coo.DJ,Crowther MA,et alDalteparin thromboprophylaxis for critically ill medical-surgical patients with renal insufficiency[J].J Crit Care, 2005, 20(4):357-363
[48]Schmid P, Brodmann D, Fischer AG, et al.Study of bioaccumulation of dalteparin at a prophylactic dose in patients with various degrees of impaired renal function[J].J Thromb Haemost, 2009, 7(4):552-558
[49]Douketis J, Cook D, Meade M, et al.Against deep vein thrombosis in critically ill patients with severe renal insufficiency with the low-molecular-weight heparin dalteparin: an assessment of safety and pharmacodynamics: the DIRECT study[J].Arch Intern Med, 2008, 168(16):1805-1812
[50]Lim W.Using low molecular weight heparin in special patient populations[J].J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2010, 29(2):233-240
[51]Boneu B, de Moerloose P.How and when to monitor a patient treated with low molecular weight heparin[J].Semin Thromb Hemost, 2001, 27(5):519-522
[52]张旭, 周孟赢, 曹盛吉, 等.抗因子在日间 抗凝监测中的临床应用[J].大连医科大学学报, 2018, 40(3):230-233
