[1] Kovesdy CP. Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease: an update 2022[J]. Kidney Int Suppl. (2011) 12:7–11.
[2] Bikbov B , Purcell C A , Levey A S , et al. Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017[J]. The Lancet, 2020, 395(10225):709-733.
[3] Stevens PE, Levin A, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Chronic Kidney Disease Guideline Development Work Group M. Evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease: synopsis of the kidney disease: improving global outcomes 2012 clinical practice guideline[J]. Ann Intern Med.(2013) 158:825–830.
[4] Jankowski J, Floege J, Fliser D, et al. Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease: Pathophysiological Insights and Therapeutic Options[J]. Circulation, 2021, 143(11): 1157-1172.
[5] Ryu H, Kim J, Kang E, et al. Incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality in Korean patients with chronic kidney disease[J]. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 1131.
[6] United States Renal Data System. 2020 USRDS Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2020).
[7] Zhao X, Niu Q, Gan L, et al. Thrombocytopenia predicts mortality in Chinese hemodialysis patients-an analysis of the China DOPPS[J]. BMC Nephrol. (2022) 23:11.
[8] Cai G, Zheng Y, Sun X, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in elderly adults with chronic kidney disease: results from the survey of Prevalence, Awareness, and Treatment Rates in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Hypertension in China[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2013, 61(12): 2160-2167.
[9] Zheng Y, Tang L, Zhang W, et al. Applying the new intensive blood pressure categories to a nondialysis chronic kidney disease population: the Prevalence, Awareness and Treatment Rates in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Hypertension in China survey[J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2020, 35(1): 155-161.
[10] Hsu C Y, Mcculloch C E, Darbinian J, et al. Elevated blood pressure and risk of end-stage renal disease in subjects without baseline kidney disease[J]. Arch Intern Med, 2005, 165(8): 923-8.
[11] Paoletti E, De Nicola L, Gabbai F B, et al. Associations of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Geometry with Adverse Outcomes in Patients with CKD and Hypertension[J]. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2016, 11(2): 271-279.
[12] Group S R, Wright J T Jr, Williamson J D, et al. A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control[J]. N Engl J Med, 2015, 373(22): 2103-2116.
[13] Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Blood Pressure Work G. KDIGO 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease[J]. Kidney Int, 2021, 99(3S): S1-S87.
[14] Mishima E, Haruna Y, Arima H. Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in hypertensive adults with non-diabetic CKD with or without proteinuria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials[J]. Hypertens Res, 2019, 42(4): 469-482.
[15] Nagata D, Hishida E, Masuda T. Practical Strategy for Treating Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)-Associated with Hypertension[J]. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis, 2020, 13: 171-178.
[16] https://reference.medscape.com/drug/entresto-sacubitril-valsartan-1000010
[17] Zheng Y, Cai G Y, Chen X M, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2013, 126(12): 2276-2280.
[18] Damman K, Tang W H, Felker G M, et al. Current evidence on treatment of patients with chronic systolic heart failure and renal insufficiency: practical considerations from published data[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2014, 63(9): 853-871.
[19] House A A, Wanner C, Sarnak M J, et al. Heart failure in chronic kidney disease: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference[J]. Kidney Int, 2019, 95(6): 1304-1317.
[20] Zhang R, Sun X, Li Y, et al. The efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure patients: A review[J]. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. (2022) 27:10742484211058681.
[21] Gondek A, Jagodzinska A, Pietrzak B, et al. Relevance of the assessment of natriuretic peptide plasma concentrations in hypertensive pregnant women[J]. Biomarkers, 2020, 25(6): 449-457.
[22] Zhang Y, Du X, Wang H, et al. Sacubitril-valsartan cocrystal revisited: role of polymer excipients in the formulation[J]. Expert Opin Drug Deliv, 2021, 18(4): 515-526.
[23] Mccormack P L. Sacubitril/Valsartan: A Review in Chronic Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction[J]. Drugs, 2016, 76(3): 387-396.
[24] Kuang H, Huang X, Zhou Z, et al. Sacubitril/valsartan in chronic kidney disease: From pharmacological mechanism to clinical application[J]. Eur J Pharmacol, 2021, 907: 174288.
[25] Ayalasomayajula S, Langenickel T, Pal P, et al. Erratum to: Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Sacubitril/Valsartan (LCZ696): A Novel Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor[J]. Clin Pharmacokinet, 2018, 57(1): 105-123.
[26] Kulmatycki K M, Langenickel T, Ng W H, et al. Pharmacokinetics and safety of sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696) in patients with mild and moderate hepatic impairment[J]. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2017, 55(9): 728-739.
[27] Gu J, Noe A, Chandra P, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of LCZ696, a novel dual-acting angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi)[J]. J Clin Pharmacol, 2010, 50(4): 401-414.
[28] Ruilope L M, Dukat A, Bohm M, et al. Blood-pressure reduction with LCZ696, a novel dual-acting inhibitor of the angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, active comparator study[J]. Lancet, 2010, 375(9722): 1255-1266.
[29] Mcmurray J J, Packer M, Desai A S, et al. Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure[J]. N Engl J Med, 2014, 371(11): 993-1004.
[30] Solomon S D, Mcmurray J J V, Anand I S, et al. Angiotensin-Neprilysin Inhibition in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction[J]. N Engl J Med, 2019, 381(17): 1609-1620.
[31] Wachter R, Senni M, Belohlavek J, et al. Initiation of sacubitril/valsartan in haemodynamically stabilised heart failure patients in hospital or early after discharge: primary results of the randomised TRANSITION study[J]. Eur J Heart Fail, 2019, 21(8): 998-1007.
[32] Devore A D, Braunwald E, Morrow D A, et al. Initiation of Angiotensin-Neprilysin Inhibition After Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Secondary Analysis of the Open-label Extension of the PIONEER-HF Trial[J]. JAMA Cardiol, 2020, 5(2): 202-207.
[33] Berg D D, Samsky M D, Velazquez E J, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan in High-Risk Patients in the PIONEER-HF Trial[J]. Circ Heart Fail, 2021, 14(2): e007034.
[34] Zanchi A, Maillard M, Burnier M. Recent clinical trials with omapatrilat: new developments[J]. Curr Hypertens Rep, 2003, 5(4): 346-352.
[35] Docherty K F, Vaduganathan M, Solomon S D, et al. Sacubitril/Valsartan: Neprilysin Inhibition 5 Years After PARADIGM-HF[J]. JACC Heart Fail, 2020, 8(10): 800-810.
[36] Pradhan A, Vohra S, Vishwakarma P, et al. Review on sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in diabetes mellitus and heart failure[J]. J Family Med Prim Care, 2019, 8(6): 1855-1862.
[37] Solomon S D, Jhund P S, Claggett B L, et al. Effect of Dapagliflozin in Patients With HFrEF Treated With Sacubitril/Valsartan: The DAPA-HF Trial[J]. JACC Heart Fail, 2020, 8(10): 811-818.
[38] De La Espriella R, Bayes-Genis A, Morillas H, et al. Renal function dynamics following co-administration of sacubitril/valsartan and empagliflozin in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes[J]. ESC Heart Fail, 2020.
[39] Hsiao F C, Lin C P, Tung Y C, et al. Combining sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and diabetes mellitus: A multi-institutional study[J]. Int J Cardiol, 2021, 330: 91-97.
[40] Hubers S A, Brown N J. Combined Angiotensin Receptor Antagonism and Neprilysin Inhibition[J]. Circulation, 2016, 133(11): 1115-1124.
[41] Ryu H, Kim J, Kang E, et al. Author Correction: Incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality in Korean patients with chronic kidney disease[J]. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 9488.
[42] https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/entresto-epar-product-information_en.pdf[J].
[43] Ayalasomayajula S, Langenickel T H, Chandra P, et al. Effect of food on the oral bioavailability of the angiotensin receptor - neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696) in healthy subjects[J]. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2016, 54(12): 1012-1018.
[44] Damman K, Gori M, Claggett B, et al. Renal Effects and Associated Outcomes During Angiotensin- Neprilysin Inhibition in Heart Failure[J]. JACC Heart Fail. (2018) 6:489-498.
[45] Chang H Y, Feng A N, Fong M C, et al. Sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients: Real world experience on advanced chronic kidney disease, hypotension, and dose escalation[J]. J Cardiol, 2019, 74(4): 372-380.
[46] Spannella F, Marini M, Giulietti F, et al. Renal effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a real life 1-year follow-up study[J]. Intern Emerg Med, 2019, 14(8): 1287-1297.
[47] Hsieh H L, Chen C Y, Chen C H, et al. Renal protective effect of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with heart failure[J]. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 4593.
[48] Kang H, Zhang J, Zhang X, et al. Effects of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease: A meta-analysis[J]. Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 884: 173444.
[49] Kario K. The Sacubitril/Valsartan, a First-in-Class, Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNI): Potential Uses in Hypertension, Heart Failure, and Beyond[J]. Curr Cardiol Rep, 2018, 20(1): 5.
[50] Geng Q, Yan R, Wang Z, et al. Effects of LCZ696 (Sacubitril/Valsartan) on Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials[J]. Cardiology, 2020, 145(9): 589-598.
[51] De Vecchis R, Ariano C, Soreca S. Antihypertensive effect of sacubitril/valsartan: a meta-analysis[J]. Minerva Cardioangiol, 2019, 67(3): 214-222.
[52] Ito S, Satoh M, Tamaki Y, et al. Safety and efficacy of LCZ696, a first-in-class angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, in Japanese patients with hypertension and renal dysfunction[J]. Hypertens Res, 2015, 38(4): 269-275.
[53] Williams B, Cockcroft J R, Kario K, et al. Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan Versus Olmesartan on Central Hemodynamics in the Elderly With Systolic Hypertension: The PARAMETER Study[J]. Hypertension, 2017, 69(3): 411-420.
[54] Ayalasomayajula S P, Langenickel T H, Jordaan P, et al. Effect of renal function on the pharmacokinetics of LCZ696 (sacubitril/valsartan), an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor[J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 2016, 72(9): 1065-1073.
[55] Ayalasomayajula S, Langenickel T, Pal P, et al. Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Sacubitril/Valsartan (LCZ696): A Novel Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor[J]. Clin Pharmacokinet, 2017, 56(12): 1461-1478.
[56] Kario K, Sun N, Chiang F T, et al. Efficacy and safety of LCZ696, a first-in-class angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, in Asian patients with hypertension: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study[J]. Hypertension, 2014, 63(4): 698-705.
[57] Cheung D G, Aizenberg D, Gorbunov V, et al. Efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with essential hypertension uncontrolled by olmesartan: A randomized, double-blind, 8-week study[J]. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2018, 20(1): 150-158.
[58] Huo Y, Li W, Webb R, et al. Efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan compared with olmesartan in Asian patients with essential hypertension: A randomized, double-blind, 8-week study[J]. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2019, 21(1): 67-76.
[59] Schmieder R E, Wagner F, Mayr M, et al. The effect of sacubitril/valsartan compared to olmesartan on cardiovascular remodelling in subjects with essential hypertension: the results of a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study[J]. Eur Heart J, 2017, 38(44): 3308-3317.
[60] Supasyndh O, Wang J, Hafeez K, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan (LCZ696) Compared With Olmesartan in Elderly Asian Patients (>/=65 Years) With Systolic Hypertension[J]. Am J Hypertens, 2017, 30(12): 1163-1169.
[61] Ferreira J P, Mogensen U M, Jhund P S, et al. Serum potassium in the PARADIGM-HF trial[J]. Eur J Heart Fail, 2020, 22(11): 2056-2064.
[62] Haynes R, Judge P K, Staplin N, et al. Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan Versus Irbesartan in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease[J]. Circulation, 2018, 138(15): 1505-1514.
[63] Fala L. Entresto (Sacubitril/Valsartan): First-in-Class Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor FDA Approved for Patients with Heart Failure[J]. Am Health Drug Benefits, 2015, 8(6): 330-334.
[64] Expert group on early detection, diagnosis and treatment system construction of chronic kidney disease in Shanghai. Guideline for screening, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease[J]. Chin J Prac Intern Med. (2017) 37:28-34.
[65] Schernthaner G, Ritz E, Schernthaner G H. Strict glycaemic control in diabetic patients with CKD or ESRD: beneficial or deadly?[J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2010, 25(7): 2044-2047.
[66] Gamarra E, Baffoni C, Borretta G, et al. Reduction of Insulin Requirement After Starting Treatment With Sacubitril/Valsartan in a Patient with Diabetes Treated With Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII): A case report[J]. J Diabetes Sci Technol, 2018, 12(6): 1254-1255.
[67] Jordan J, Stinkens R, Jax T, et al. Improved Insulin Sensitivity With Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibition in Individuals With Obesity and Hypertension[J]. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2017, 101(2): 254-263.
[68] De Vecchis R, Soreca S, Ariano C. Anti-Hypertensive Effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials[J]. Cardiol Res, 2019, 10(1): 24-33.
[69] Kario K, Tamaki Y, Okino N, et al. LCZ696, a First-in-Class Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor: The First Clinical Experience in Patients With Severe Hypertension[J]. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2016, 18(4): 308-314.
[70] Desai A S, Vardeny O, Claggett B, et al. Reduced Risk of Hyperkalemia During Treatment of Heart Failure With Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists by Use of Sacubitril/Valsartan Compared With Enalapril: A Secondary Analysis of the PARADIGM-HF Trial[J]. JAMA Cardiol, 2017, 2(1): 79-85.
[71] Feng Y, Yin Y, Deng R, et al. Renal safety and efficacy of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. J Clin Pharm Ther, 2020, 45(6): 1235-1243.
[72] Generoso, Eloisa Trina Cesante, St. Luke's Medical Center - Global City, et al. Renal Outcomes of Sacubitril-Valsartan vs. ACE Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Presented at ASN Congress (2020). Available online at: https://www.asn-online.org/education/kidneyweek/2020/programabstract. aspx?controlId=3449363
[73] Pontremoli R, Borghi C, Filardi P P. Renal protection in chronic heart failure: focus on sacubitril/valsartan[J]. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother, 2021 ,21;7(5):445-452.
[74] Feng Z, Wang X, Zhang L, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of SacubitrilValsartan in maintenance hemodialysis patients with heart failure[J]. Blood Purif. (2022) 51:270–279.
[75] Lee S, Oh J, Kim H, et al. Sacubitril/valsartan in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction with endstage of renal disease[J]. ESC Heart Fail. (2020) 7:1125–1129.
[76] Fu S, Xu Z, Lin B, et al. Effects of Sacubitril-Valsartan in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2021, 8: 657067.
[77] Lin J, Ding XQ, Lin P, et al. A multi-center survey of hypertension and its treatment in patients with maintenance hemodialysis in Shanghai[J]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. (2010) 49:563–567.
[78] Zhang W, Shi W, Liu Z, et al. A nationwide cross-sectional survey on prevalence, management and pharmacoepidemiology patterns on hypertension in Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease[J]. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 38768.
[79] Maruyama T, Takashima H, Abe M. Blood pressure targets and pharmacotherapy for hypertensive patients on hemodialysis[J]. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2020, 21(10): 1219-1240.
[80] Lihua W C L, Chen H, Wei F, et al. Use of Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis with Reduced Cardiac Ejection Fraction, Real-World Experience From a Single Center. [J]. Iran J Kidney Dis., 2021, 15(4): 288-299.
[81] Judge P, Haynes R, Landray M J, et al. Neprilysin inhibition in chronic kidney disease[J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2015, 30(5): 738-743.
