目的  探讨维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis，MHD)患者容量管理行为水平及其影响因素。 方法  用整群抽样方式选择2021年1月～2022年6月在浙江中医药大学附属湖州中医院行MHD治疗的患者为研究对象，用一般资料问卷、容量管理行为量表、一般自我效能感量表(general self-efficacy scale，GSES)进行评估。分析MHD患者容量管理行为水平及其影响因素。 结果  89例MHD患者容量管理行为总分为(17.24±2.85)分，其中饮食管理维度(5.12±1.88)分、并发症监测维度(12.12±2.67)分；单因素分析显示透析龄、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、自我效能与MHD患者容量管理行为有关  (t值分别为3.048、3.643、4.222、3.340，P值分别为0.003、0.001、＜0.001、0.001)；MHD患者容量管理行为与并发症、年龄、医保、性别、工作状况、婚姻状况无关(t/F值分别为0.973、1.555、0.002、1.111、0.707、0.802，P值分别为0.333、0.124、0.998、0.333、0.482、0.425)。多元线性回归分析显示文化程度低(β=0.126、P=0.011)、透析龄长(β=-2.660、P＜0.001)、自我效能低(β=0.130、P =0.014)、家庭人均月收入低(β=0.241、P＜0.001)是影响MHD患者容量管理行为的独立危险因素。 结论  MHD患者容量管理行为不佳，其受透析龄、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、自我效能等多因素影响。

Objective To explore the volume management behavior in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and its influencing factors.  Methods  A total of 89 patients undergoing MHD treatment in Huzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected by cluster sampling method. General information questionnaire, volume management behavior scale, and general self-efficacy scale were used for the investigation of volume management behavior and its influencing factors.  Results  The 89 MHD patients had a total score of 17.24±2.85 for volume management behavior, including diet management dimension score of 5.12±1.88 and comorbidity monitoring dimension score of 12.12±2.67. Univariate regression showed that dialysis age, educational level, average monthly income per family member, and self-efficacy were related to volume management behavior (t=3.048, 3.643, 4.222 and 3.340 respectively; P=0.003, 0.001, 0.000 and 0.001 respectively), but comorbidities, age, health insurance, gender, job and marital status were unrelated to volume management behavior in MHD patients (t/F=0.973, 1.555, 0.002, 1.111, 0.707 and 0.802 respectively; P=0.333, 0.124, 0.998, 0.333, 0.482 and 0.425 respectively). Multivariate linear regression found that lower literacy, longer dialysis age, lower self-efficacy and lower average monthly income per family member were the independent risk factors for volume management behavior in MHD patients (β=0.126, -2.660, 0.130 and 0.241 respectively; P=0.011, <0.001, =0.014 and <0.001 respectively).  Conclusion   The ability of volume management behavior is insufficient in MHD patients. This behavior is affected by dialysis age, educational level, average monthly income per family member, self-efficacy and the others.