如今慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)在世界范围内的高发病率和患病率使其已然成为一个全球性的重大公共卫生问题，各种并发症是CKD患者住院率和生存率及生存质量的重要影响因素。贫血是CKD的常见并发症，是CKD患者发生心脑血管合并症的独立危险因素，长期慢性贫血将增加心脏负荷、引起左心室肥大甚至心力衰竭，增加患者住院率和病死率。硫酸吲哚酚(indoxyl sulfate,IS)是一种典型的蛋白结合型尿毒症毒素，CKD早期即在体内蓄积，通过各种途径促进CKD病程进展及并发症的发生。近年来关于IS在肾性贫血中的作用有很多报道，现对其做一综述。

The higher incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has currently become a worldwide and major public health problem. Many complications associated with CKD patients greatly influence their hospitalization rate, quality of life and survival rate. Anemia is a common complication of CKD, and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in CKD patients. Longstanding anemia will cause heart overload, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, higher hospitalization rate, and increased mortality rate. Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is an important protein-bound uremic toxin, accumulating in the body at the early stage of CKD. IS promotes the progression and complications of CKD through various pathways. Here we focus on the role of IS in renal anemia based on the recent studies that IS may also be involved in renal anemia.