慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease，CKD)患者多合并有脑部损害，包括器质性病变(如脑血管病、脑白质变性、脑萎缩等)、代谢异常(脂代谢、钙磷代谢等)以及功能性改变(如早期认知功能减退)，影响患者的长期预后。近年来有关CKD患者脑部损害的研究逐渐增多，例如基于体素的形态学分析、弥散张量成像、核磁共振光谱学、动脉自旋标记、血氧水平依赖磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)和血管壁MRI等多模态功能MRI，是预测评估CKD患者脑部损害的新兴方法。本文就多模态功能MRI在CKD患者脑部损害评估中的研究进展进行综述。
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are often complicated with brain damages including organic lesions (such as cerebrovascular disease, cerebral white matter change, cerebral atrophy), metabolic abnormalities (such as changes of lipid, calcium and phosphate metabolism), and functional changes (such as early cognitive deficits). These brain damages may gradually progress into cognitive dysfunctions. Studies on brain damage in CKD patients are increased in recent years. Many functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technologies for the evaluation of brain damages have been developed, such as voxel-based morphometry MRI (VBM-MRI), diffusion tensor imaging MRI (DTI-MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy MRI (MRS-MRI), arterial spin labelling MRI (ASL-MRI), blood oxygen level dependent MRI (BOLD-MRI) and vessel wall MRI (vwMRI). This article reviews the research progresses in multimodal fMRI in the assessment of brain damage in CKD patients.
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