目的 调查维持性血液透析患者口腔衰弱现状，并探讨其影响因素。 方法 采用便利抽样的方法选取2022年10月—2023年6月安徽医科大学附属六安医院血液透析中心的患者，采用一般资料调查表、口腔衰弱指数-8、简化的营养食欲调查量表和年龄调整后查尔森合并症指数进行调查。 结果 238例维持性血液透析患者中口腔衰弱的发生率为41.2%。二元Logistic结果显示文化程度(OR=0.591,95% CI：0.400～0.875,P =0.009)、握力(OR=0.922,95%CI：0.880～0.967,P =0.001)、年龄调整后查尔森合并指数(OR=1.820,95%CI：1.498～2.212,P＜0.001)与简化的营养食欲调查量表评分(OR=0.895,95%CI：0.803～0.998,P=0.046)是维持性血液透析患者口腔衰弱的影响因素。 结论 维持性血液透析患者口腔衰弱发生率较高，医护人员应重视血液透析患者的口腔健康问题，根据患者特征制定针对性干预措施。
Objective To investigate the current status of oral frailty in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and to explore its influencing factors. Method The convenient sampling method was used to select patients from the Hemodialysis Center of Lu'an Hospital of Anhui Medical University in the period from October 2022 to June 2023. This survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, an oral frailty index-8, a simplified nutritional appetite questionnaire, and an age-charlson comorbidity index (aCCI). Results The incidence of oral frailty in the 238 MHD patients was 41.2%. Binary logistic regression showed that educational level (OR=0.591, 95% CI:0.400～0.875, P=0.009), grip strength (OR=0.922, 95% CI:0.880～0.967, P=0.001), aCCI score (OR=1.820, 95% CI:1.498～2.212, P＜0.001), and simplified nutritional appetite survey scale score (OR=0.895, 95% CI: 0.803～0.998, P=0.046) were the influencing factors for oral frailty in MHD patients. Conclusion The prevalence of oral frailty is relatively high in MHD patients. Medical professionals should pay attention to the oral health problems in MHD patients and develop targeted intervention measures based on their conditions.
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