目的 探讨体验式饮食管理对于改善腹膜透析患者饮食依从性和营养状况的效果。 方法 研究对象为郑州大学第一附属医院肾内科腹膜透析患者。通过使用随机数字表法，将研究对象随机分配到干预组和对照组，分别实施体验式饮食管理和常规饮食管理。 结果 共97例患者纳入本研究，其中干预组48例，对照组49例。在干预前、出院时、出院后3个月以及出院后6个月等不同时间点，干预组与对照组患者的饮食知识(F=29.633，P＜0.001)、饮食依从态度(F=50.881，P＜0.001)、饮食依从行为(F=55.546，P＜0.001)间差异具有统计学意义，干预组患者出院后6个月营养不良发生率低于对照组(c2=4.927，P=0.026)。 结论 体验式饮食管理能够让患者模拟和真实体验饮食管理的各种场景，增加患者的参与感，从而提高患者的知识水平，改善饮食依从性，重塑饮食结构，并改善营养状况。

Objective  To investigate the effect of experiential diet management on dietary compliance and nutritional status of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.  Methods  The subjects were PD patients from Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.  They were randomly assigned to the intervention group (experiential diet management group) and the control group (routine diet management group) by using the random number table method.  Results  A total of 97 patients were enrolled in the study, including 48 in the intervention group and 49 in the control group. Dietary knowledge, dietary compliance attitude, dietary compliance behavior and incidence of malnutrition were compared between the two groups before intervention, at discharge from the hospital, 3 months after discharge, and 6 months after discharge, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).  Conclusion  Experiential diet management allows the patients to simulate and experience various scenarios of diet management and to increase the sense of participation, thereby improving patients' knowledge level, diet compliance, diet structure, and nutritional status.