目的 探索腹膜透析患者疾病获益感的潜在类别及影响因素。 方法 选取在宁夏医科大学总医院随访的308例腹膜透析患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、疾病获益感量表、心理韧性量表、医学应对方式问卷、领悟社会支持量表及简易疾病感知问卷进行问卷调查，采用潜在剖面分析探索腹膜透析患者疾病获益感的潜在类别，利用有序多分类Logistic回归分析探索各潜在类别的影响因素。 结果 腹膜透析患者疾病获益感可分为：低获益-家庭关怀欠缺组(52.9%)、中等获益-高接受组(38.0%)、高获益-高个人成长组(9.1%)3个潜在类别。回归分析结果示：面对(OR =1.245,95% CI：1.115～1.390，P＜0.001)、屈服(OR =1.124,95% CI：1.039～1.215，P =0.003)、回避(OR=1.186,95% CI：1.060～1.326，P =0.003)的应对方式、心理韧性(OR =1.063,95% CI：1.033～1.093，P＜0.001)、透析龄(OR =0.170,95% CI：0.069～0.413，P＜0.001)是腹膜透析患者疾病获益感潜在类别的影响因素。结论 腹膜透析患者疾病获益感存在明显的特征差异，医护人员需根据不同类别及其特征，制定个体化的干预策略。
Objective To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of benefit finding in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods A total of 308 PD patients who were followed up in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were selected as the study subjects. The general data questionnaire, Benefit Finding Scale, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Scale, The Conor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire were used for questionnaire survey. Latent profile analysis was used to explore the potential categories of benefit finding in PD patients. Ordinal and multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of each potential category. Results The benefit finding of PD patients can be divided into three potential categories: low benefit-family care deficiency group (52.9%), medium benefit-high acceptance group (38.0%) and high benefit-high personal growth group (9.1%). The results of regression analysis showed that the medical coping styles of facing (OR=1.245, 95% CI:1.115～1.390, P＜.001), yielding (OR=1.124, 95% CI:1.039～1.215, P=0.003), avoiding (OR=1.186, 95% CI:1.060～1.326, P=0.003), psychological resilience (OR=1.063, 95% CI:1.033～1.093, P＜0.001) and dialysis age (OR=0.170, 95% CI:0.069～0.413, P＜0.001) were the influencing factors for potential categories of benefit finding in PD patients. Conclusion There are obvious differences in the sense of benefit finding among PD patients. Clinical staff should formulate individualized intervention strategies according to different categories and characteristics.
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