目的 检索并评价整合自体动静脉内瘘(arteriovenous fistula,AVF)狭窄介入治疗手术后管理的相关证据，为临床实践提供循证证据。 方法 按照“6S”模型系统检索计算机临床决策系统、指南数据库、国内外数据库及相关专业协会网站关于AVF狭窄介入治疗手术后管理的证据，检索时限为建库至2024年2月26日。由4名研究者独立对各类文献质量评价后进行证据提取与汇总。 结果 共纳入9篇文献，其中临床决策5篇、指南3篇、专家共识1篇，从手术后评估与监测、手术后用药、AVF穿刺与维护、并发症预防及处理和患者教育5个方面总结了25条证据。 结论 本研究总结、形成了AVF狭窄介入治疗手术后管理的最佳证据，具有一定的科学性和实用价值，可为医护人员提供循证依据，对科学护理介入治疗手术后患者的AVF具有指导意义。
Objective To retrieve and evaluate the relevant evidence about the integrated management of autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis after interventional therapy, and to provide evidence-based data for clinical practice. Methods According to the "6S" model system, the evidence about postoperative management of AVF stenosis after interventional therapy was retrieved from computer clinical decision-making system, guideline database, domestic and foreign databases, and websites of relevant professional associations. The retrieval time was ended at February 26, 2024. After independent evaluation of the quality of retrieved documents by four researchers, the evidence was extracted and summarized. Results A total of 9 articles were included, including 5 clinical decisions, 3 guidelines and one expert consensus. Twenty-five items of evidence were summarized from five aspects: postoperative evaluation and monitoring, postoperative medication, puncture and maintenance of arteriovenous fistula, prevention and treatment of complications and patient education. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence of postoperative management of AVF stenosis after interventional therapy, having scientific and practical value in that it provides evidence-based information for medical and nursing care staff to scientifically manage the AVF stenosis patients after interventional therapy.
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