Objectives   To establish the strategy for and to understand the present status of nosocomial infection control among hemodialysis units in Beijing.   Methods   The newly customized strategy was built based on the national policy of nosocomial infection control and the standard operating procedure for blood purification under the cooperation of nephrologist, specialists for nosocomial infection control, and experts in medical administration. The investigation consisted of the following 8 fields (including control of 91 risk behaviors): quality certification for units and professionals, structural configuration of hemodialysis units, establishment and implement of management system for infection control, occupational protection and hand hygiene, management for blood borne diseases, implement of infection control measures, infection control for different functional areas, and standardized management for dialyzer re-use. With this system, the status of nosocomial infection control was evaluated by investigating files, examination of staffs on spot, and observing operating procedures among hemodialysis units in Beijing between November 2017 to January 2018.  Results  ①A total of 122 hemodialysis units were investigated. The total score for this inspection was 94.6 (95.0 score for units in grade three hospitals, 93.4 score for units in grade two hospitals, and 90.8 score for units in grade one hospitals). ②Among the 8 fields inspected in this study, the leading three of lower score were structural configuration of hemodialysis units (scored 89.3), establishment and implement of management system for infection control (scored 91.3), and quality certification for units and professionals (scored 92.8). ③In this inspection system, the top three risk behaviors of nosocomial infection control were defect implement of disinfection and isolation procedures (29.5%), inadequate basic installation (26.2%), and risk behaviors in areas of treatment preparation room (26.2%).  Conclusions  Structural configuration of hemodialysis units, establishment and implement of management system for infection control, and infection control for different functional areas are the highest risk fields of nosocomial infection control in hemodialysis units in Beijing. Our study also implies that Blood Purification Quality Control and Improvement Center has to focus on these three fields during inspection and management of quality control and infection control in hemodialysis units.