Objective  To investigate the present status and influencing factors of dietary compliance behavior in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.  Methods  A total of 210 PD patients treated in the Peritoneal Dialysis Center of Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital  between September 2021 and March 2022 were recruited as the research subjects. General data questionnaire, kidney disease dietary compliance scale, PD dietary knowledge questionnaire, chronic kidney disease dietary self-efficacy scale, and perceived social support scale were used for the investigation.  Results  The dietary compliance behavior score was 69.47±2.49, dietary knowledge score 14.71±1.66, dietary self-efficacy score 57.62±3.37, and perceived social support score 64.25±2.44. Multivariate linear regression indicated that age (β=0.124, P＜0.001), the number of complication (β=0.097, P=0.008), education level (β=0.079, P=0.024), dietary knowledge (β=0.373, P＜0.001), dietary self-efficacy (β=0.273, P＜0.001) and perceived social support (β=0.329, P＜0.001) were the influencing factors for dietary compliance behavior in PD patients.  Conclusion   The dietary compliance behavior in PD patients was at a moderate level. Medical professionals should give more diet health education to PD patients to promote positive diet compliance behavior in these patients.