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Prevalence of apparent treatment resistant hypertension in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis

  • LIU Dan-Yang ,
  • GONG Ni-Rong ,
  • ZHANG Guang-Qing ,
  • SHI Sheng-Ying ,
  • LIN Yan-Hong ,
  • YANG Cong ,
  • AI Jun
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  • 1Department of Nephrology, 2Administrative Office, and 3Department of Nursing, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China

Received date: 2022-08-22

  Revised date: 2022-12-20

  Online published: 2023-03-03

Abstract

Objective  To systematically review the prevalence of apparent treatment resistant hypertension (aTRH) in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).  Methods  Chinese and English databases were searched for observational studies on the prevalence of aTRH in non-dialysis patients with CKD. According to the American Heart Association (AHA) criteria, aTRH was defined as AHA-1 and AHA-2. Stata 15.0 was used for the meta-analysis of overall and staged prevalence of CKD under different aTRH definitions.  Results A total of 14 studies were included. The overall prevalence of aTRH in CKD patients was 27.1% (ES=0.271, 95% CI: 0.220~0.321, P<0.001). Under AHA-1 definition, the prevalence of aTRH in CKD1-5 patients was 20.6% (ES=0.206, 95% CI: 0.105~0.307, P<0.001), and the prevalence of aTRH in CKD3-5 patients was 29.5% (ES=0.295, 95% CI: 0.224~0.366, P<0.001). Under AHA-2 definition, the prevalence of aTRH in CKD1-5 patients was 30.4% (ES=0.304, 95% CI: 0.178~0.430, P<0.001). The prevalence of aTRH in CKD patients increased with the decrease of glomerular filtration rate in all original studies.  Conclusion The prevalence of aTRH in non-dialysis CKD patients is high and increases with the progression of renal injury. More attention should be paid to aTRH in CKD patients. 

Cite this article

LIU Dan-Yang , GONG Ni-Rong , ZHANG Guang-Qing , SHI Sheng-Ying , LIN Yan-Hong , YANG Cong , AI Jun . Prevalence of apparent treatment resistant hypertension in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Blood Purification, 2023 , 22(03) : 187 -192 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2023.03.007

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