Objective To investigate the prevalence, risk factors and survival prognosis of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients. Methods A total of 177 MHD patients from December 2021 to August 2023 were selected as the study objects by convenience sampling method. The incidence of sarcopenia was analyzed, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the independent influencing factors for sarcopenia. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the 12-month survival prognosis of MHD patients with and without sarcopenia. Results ①In the 177 MHD patients, sarcopenia was found in 65 patients(36.72%) and was not found in 112 patients(63.28%). ②Multivariate logistic regression showed that age (OR=1.078，95% CI:1.030～1.143，P=0.002),dialysis months (OR=1.019, 95% CI:1.008～1.030,P=0.001),diabetes mellitus(OR=4.802,95% CI:1.484～15.603,P=0.009), lower level of physical activity (OR=4.222,95% CI:1.013～17.653，P=0.048) were the independent factors for sarcopenia. ③After 12 months of follow-up, the survival rate of MHD patients with sarcopenia was 69.23% (45/65), and that of the patients without sarcopenia was 89.29% (100/112). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis found that the overall survival rate of non-sarcopenia group was significantly higher than that of sarcopenia group (log-rank test,χ2=11.272,P＜0.001). There was no significant difference in overall survival rate between appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) compliant group and non-compliant group (log-rank test, χ2=2.374, P=0.123). The overall survival rate of grip strength compliant group was significantly higher than that of grip strength non-compliant group (log-rank test, χ2=10.086, P=0.001). The overall survival rate in the 5-time sitting-standing test compliant group was significantly higher than that in the non-compliant group (log-rank test, χ2=19.668,P＜0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in MHD patients, and the survival rate in the follow-up period of 12 months is low in in MHD patients with sarcopenia. Medical staff should make early diagnosis of sarcopenia in MHD patients and take effective intervention measures to improve their prognosis.
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