Renal anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which not only seriously affects the life quality of CKD patients, but also significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular events and death. Self-management of patients with renal anemia obviously affects the treatment outcome and prognosis of the patients. At present, there is still a lack of standardized guidance for patients' self-management. The target of this consensus is for the medical staff to guide the self-management of patients with renal anemia. It is jointly written by experts in nephrology, blood purification, nursing, hematology, pharmacy, and public health, and supplies the latest evidence-based medicine and clinical experience for medical staff to guide patients with renal anemia holding self-management. The consensus content includes assessing and establishing necessary knowledge reserves for patients, consultation and follow up on time, rational drug use, lifestyle guidance, monitoring and avoiding aggravating factors, shared decision making and self-management evaluation. Multi-dimensional standardization guidance is provided for self-management of patients with renal anemia, aiming to further improve their self-management level, enhance the compliance rate of renal anemia in China, and improve prognosis.