Native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a lifeline for end-stage renal disease patients, crucial for extending survival and improving quality of life. In China, about 80% of maintenance hemodialysis patients use AVF, yet 20% to 60% of newly created AVFs fail to mature. AVF maturation is influenced by patient factors, surgical techniques, postoperative exercise, and medical support. Many scholars have studied factors affecting AVF maturation to improve maturation rates. This review covers research progress on factors influencing AVF maturation.