炼油技术与工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (1): 16-23.

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低碳烃蒸汽重整制氢新工艺及操作优化研究

王萍平¹，郝涛远²，李国庆¹   

  1. 华南理工大学化学化工学院，广东省广州市 510000； 山东京博石油化工有限公司，山东省滨州市 256600
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-06 出版日期:2025-01-16 发布日期:2025-02-08
  • 作者简介:王萍平，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为过程能量综合。联系电话：13684207981，E-mail：2428789851@qq.com。

Research on the new process for low-carbon hydrocarbon steam reforming hydrogen production and operational optimization

Wang Pingping¹, Hao Taoyuan², Li Guoqing¹
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  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000; Shandong Jingbo Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Binzhou, Shandong 256600
  • Received:2024-06-06 Online:2025-01-16 Published:2025-02-08

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摘要：

针对烃类重整蒸汽制氢工艺转化气能量降级使用、原料气压缩功耗大的问题，提出了一种低碳烃膨胀透平集成制氢工艺。该工艺以炼油厂过剩低碳液态烃为原料，增压功耗较低，在转化炉出口设置膨胀透平，回收转化气的高温高压热能和压力能后再送余热锅炉产汽，同时回收中变气余热以加热液相原料。使用Aspen Plus Y11对新工艺进行了全流程模拟，探求其原料组成、反应压力、反应温度、蒸汽碳比对装置热效率、能耗和CO₂排放量的影响。基于模拟数据，采用非支配排序遗传算法NSGA-II对新工艺进行了多变量多目标优化。计算表明，某液化石油气进料量为8.756 t/h的新工艺，最优操作工况下产氢2 636.8 kg/h、发电8 870.2 kW·h/h，生产1 t H₂综合能耗2 892.9 kgoe、装置热效率71.63%、CO₂排放29 984.6 kg/h，较优化前工况综合能耗降低、产氢量增加。

关键词: 低碳烃, 蒸汽重整制氢, 转化温度, 反应压力, 蒸汽碳比, 综合能耗, CO?排放量, 热效率

Abstract:

A low-carbon hydrocarbon expander turbine integrated hydrogen production process is proposed to address the issues of degraded use of the converted gas energy and high compression power consumption of the feed gas in the steam reforming hydrogen production process. This process uses surplus low-carbon liquid hydrocarbons from refineries as the feedstock, with lower compression energy consumption. An expander turbine is installed at the outlet of the reformer furnace to recover heat energy and pressure energy from the high-temperature and high-pressure reformed gas, then sending it to the waste heat boiler for steam production. Simultaneously, waste heat from medium-temperature shift gas is recovered to preheat the liquid-phase feedstock. The Aspen Plus Y11 model of the new process is established to explore the impact of feedstock composition, reaction pressure, reaction temperature, and steam-to-carbon ratio on thermal efficiency, energy consumption, and CO₂ emissions. Based on simulation data, multi-objective optimization of the new process is performed using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The calculations indicate that for a new process with LPG feedstock of 8.756 t/h, under optimal operating conditions, the hydrogen production is 2,636.8 kg/h, electricity generation is 8,870.2 kW, integrated energy consumption for one ton of H₂ is 2,892.9 kgoe, thermal efficiency is 71.63%, and CO₂ emission is 29,984.6 kg/h. Compared to the initial condition, integrated energy consumption is reduced by 3.08%, and hydrogen production is increased by 30.55%.

Key words: low-carbon hydrocarbon, steam reforming to produce hydrogen, conversion temperature, reaction pressure, steam-to-carbon ratio, integrated energy consumption, CO? emission, thermal efficiency