炼油技术与工程 ›› 2024, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (5): 1-4.

• 加工工艺 •    下一篇

废塑料催化裂解直接生产化学品技术分析和研究

郝代军, 朱建华, 李治, 郝清泉, 潘星成   

  1. 1.中石化炼化工程(集团)股份有限公司洛阳技术研发中心; 2.中国石油大学(北京)化学工程与环境学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-19 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-15
  • 作者简介:郝代军，正高级工程师，中国石化集团公司高级专家，长期从事炼化工艺和相关催化剂的技术研究与应用工作。联系电话：0379-64330536,E-mail:haodaijun.segr@sinopec.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发项目(2019YFC1906305)

Analysis and research on catalytic cracking technology for direct production of chemicals from waste plastics

Hao Daijun, Zhu Jianhua, Li Zhi, Hao Qingquan, Pan Xingcheng   

  1. 1.Luoyang R&D Center of Technology of SINOPEC Engineering (Group) Co., Ltd.; 2.College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
  • Received:2024-01-19 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-05-15

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摘要：

介绍了废塑料催化裂解直接生产化学品技术研究情况。废塑料催化裂解直接生产化学品可以在废塑料溶解进料过程中高效脱除原料中的含氯化合物，其余少量含氯化合物在催化裂解反应过程中进一步脱除，能够实现废塑料脱氯和催化裂解生产化学品同时进行。利用金属氧化物催化剂，聚丙烯废塑料一步催化裂解能够实现多产乙烯的目标，乙烯、丙烯、丁烯产率分别为19.7%、11.5%、5.2%,芳烃产率为20.1%,高价值产品收率超过50%。利用ZSM-5分子筛催化剂，聚丙烯废塑料一步催化裂解能够实现多产丙烯的目的，乙烯、丙烯、丁烯的产率分别为10.13%、35.06%、19.55%,芳烃产率为19.44%,化学品总收率超过80%。废塑料通过ZSM-5分子筛催化剂催化裂解生产化学品具有明显的技术经济优势。

关键词: 废塑料, 催化裂解, 化学品, 热裂解, 油品, 丙烯, 催化剂, 硅铝比

Abstract:

This article introduces the research status on catalytic cracking technology for direct production of chemicals from waste plastics. The chlorine-containing compounds in the raw materials can be removed efficiently in the dissolution and feeding process of waste plastics, and a small amount of remaining chlorine-containing compounds can be further removed in the catalytic cracking reaction, which can achieve the dechlorination of waste plastics and catalytic cracking to chemicals at the same time. By using metal oxide catalysts, one-step catalytic cracking of polypropylene can achieve the purpose of increasing ethylene production. The yields of ethylene, propylene, and butene are 19.7%, 11.5%, and 5.2%, respectively. The yield of aromatics is 20.1%, and the yield of high-value products exceeds 50%. Besides, one-step catalytic cracking of polypropylene using ZSM-5 catalyst can produce more propylene. The yields of propylene, ethylene, and butene are 35.06%, 10.13%, and 19.55%, respectively. The yield of aromatics is 19.44%, and the total chemical yield exceeds 80%. The catalytic cracking of waste plastics using ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst has significant technical and economic advantages in producing chemicals.

Key words: waste plastics, catalytic cracking, chemicals, thermal pyrolysis, fuel oil, propylene, catalysts, Si-Al ratio