炼油技术与工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (4): 33-37.

• 机械设备 • 上一篇    下一篇

浆态床渣油加氢装置鼓泡式反应器LOW环热点问题分析

付治航¹，景晓¹，王玉超¹，张艳梅²，徐宗坤¹

  

  1. ¹. 浙江石油化工有限公司，浙江省舟山市 316200；². 荣盛新材料（舟山）有限公司，浙江省舟山市 316200

  • 收稿日期:2024-11-10 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-04-21
  • 作者简介:付治航，工程师，本科，主要从事浆态床渣油加氢裂化装置工艺技术管理工作。联系电话：15805805629，E-mail: 15805805629@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江石油化工有限公司科研基金资助项目（ZSH-RD-25-024）

Analysis of hot spot issues in LOW loop of bubble reactor in slurry bed residue hydrogenation unit

Fu Zhihang¹, Jing Xiao¹, Wang Yuchao¹, Zhang Yanmei², Xu Zongkun¹
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  1. ¹. Zhejiang Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316200; ². Rongsheng New Materials (Zhoushan) Co., Ltd., Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316200

  • Received:2024-11-10 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-21

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摘要：

某公司有两套（1号、2号）3.0 Mt/a浆态床渣油加氢装置。2024年4月19日2号浆态床装置浆液反应器R2001B的LOW环（反应器内底部封头处温度测点环）出现热点（即超温现象），5月22日浆液反应器R2001A的LOW环也出现热点，最高温度均超过600℃。自5月8日起，反应器出现5次飞温现象，虽然应急处置后温度得到了控制，但是仍对装置的安全平稳生产造成了严重影响。针对上述问题，对比1号浆态床装置，从原料组成、反应器操作参数等方面进行分析，通过剖析鼓泡式反应器内部结焦情况判断问题发生的原因并提出解决方案。通过更换2号浆态床装置反应器一次氢、二次氢分布器并优化操作条件，彻底清除了反应器、热高压分离器内部和浆液系统管道以及器壁的结焦物，解决了该装置浆液反应器LOW环热点频发的问题。

关键词: 浆态床渣油加氢装置, 鼓泡式反应器, LOW环热点, 反应器壁温, 核密度, 飞温, 沥青质

Abstract:

A company operates two sets of 3.0 MMTPY slurry bed residue hydrogenation units (Unit 1 and Unit 2). On April 19, 2024, a hot spot (over-temperature phenomenon) appeared in the LOW loop (temperature measuring point loop at the bottom head of the reactor) of slurry reactor R2001B in Unit 2, and another hot spot appeared in the LOW loop of slurry reactor R2001A on May 22, with peak temperatures exceeding 600℃. Since May 8, there have been five temperature runaway incidents in the reactor. Although the temperature was controlled after emergency response, it still had a serious impact on the safe and stable production of the unit. In response to the above problems, a comparative analysis was conducted with Unit 1 from the feedstock composition and reactor operating parameters. By analyzing the coking situation inside the bubble reactor, the cause of the problem was determined, and solutions were proposed. By replacing the primary and secondary hydrogen distributors in Unit 2 and optimizing operating conditions, the coking materials inside the reactor, high-pressure separator, slurry system pipelines, and reactor walls were completely removed, effectively solving the problem of frequent hot spots in the LOW loop of the slurry reactor.

Key words: slurry bed residue hydrogenation unit, bubble reactor, LOW loop hot spot, reactor wall temperature, nuclear density, temperature runaway, asphaltene