炼油技术与工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (5): 5-8.

• 加工工艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同原油性质及其渣油组分加氢反应性能探究

张甫敏¹，徐焱¹，韩坤鹏²，蒋国权¹，袁胜华²，梁超¹   

  1. ¹. 中国石油云南石化有限公司，云南省昆明市 650300；². 中国石化（大连）石油化工研究院有限公司，辽宁省大连市 116045
  • 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-22
  • 作者简介:张甫敏，高级工程师，毕业于中国石油大学（华东）化学工程与工艺专业，主要研究方向为高压加氢装置运行及管理。联系电话：0871-68518418，E-mail: zhangfumin_yn@petrochina.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油天然气集团公司合同项目（F8822C01D）

Study on Properties of Different Crudes and Hydroprocessing Characteristics of Residues

Zhang Fumin¹, Xu Yan¹, Han Kunpeng², Jiang Guoquan¹, Yuan Shenghua², Liang Chao¹   

  1. ¹. PetroChina Yunnan Petrochemical Company Limited, Kunming, Yunnan 650300, China; ². SINOPEC (Dalian) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co., Ltd., Dalian, Liaoning 116045, China
  • Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-22

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摘要：

目前国内主要进口原油包括沙中原油、沙重原油、阿曼原油及俄罗斯ESPO原油等，不同来源原油的性质存在显著差异。通过原油的硫含量、氮含量、镍钒含量比（镍/钒）等性质，可初步判断不同原油的渣油组分的加工处理难度。结果表明：不同类型渣油原料进行加氢反应的难度不同，镍/钒约为0.30的高硫类渣油最容易，镍/钒约为1.20的高氮类渣油最难，镍/钒约为0.60的ESPO渣油进行加氢反应的难度介于前两者之间；加工不同类型渣油原料的加氢装置运转周期不同，加工高硫类渣油的装置运转周期最短，加工ESPO渣油的装置运转周期最长。

关键词: 原油性质, 渣油组分, 加氢反应性能, 关键馏分特性, 镍钒含量比, 金属沉积量, 催化剂床层温升

Abstract:

The main imported crude oils in China currently include Saudi Arabian medium crude oil, Saudi Arabian heavy crude oil, Oman crude oil, and Russia ESPO crude oil, among others. Crude oils from different sources exhibit significant differences in their properties. Key characteristics such as sulfur content, nitrogen content, and the Ni/V ratio can provide a preliminary assessment of the processing difficulty of residue components in different crude oils. The investigation results reveal that the difficulty of hydroprocessing varies among different types of residue feedstocks: high-sulfur residue with a Ni/V ratio of approximately 0.30 exhibits the lowest processing difficulty, high-nitrogen residue with a Ni/V ratio around 1.20 is the most difficult, while ESPO residual oil with a Ni/V ratio of about 0.60 falls between the first two in terms of hydroprocessing complexity. Additionally, the operational cycles of hydroprocessing units significantly depend on the feedstock type. Units processing high-sulfur residue demonstrate the shortest operation cycle, whereas those handling ESPO residue achieve the longest operational duration.

Key words: properties of crude oil, residue, hydroprocessing characteristics, key fraction characteristics, Ni/V ratio, metal deposition, catalyst bed temperature rise