Abstract: In order to determine whether the petrochemical buildings need blast resistance design, two methods based on consequence and risk are proposed to carry out blast resistance assessment. PHAST&SAFETI series software of DNV is used to calculate the overpressure value of buildings subjected to the blast wave of a refinery project. According to the result based evaluation method, the leakage scene with a leakage aperture of 25 mm is selected for calculation. It is concluded that the cabinet room, control room and other buildings with overpressure value greater than 6.9 kPa should adopt blast resistance design, and the building with overpressure value greater than 48 kPa should optimize the layout. Based on the risk assessment method, it is calculated that the blast resistance design should be adopted for buildings with frequency greater than 1×10^-4 and overpressure value greater than 6.9 kPa blast wave. Two methods of blast resistance evaluation of buildings are put forward, which provide basis for buildings blast resistance design and general plane optimization design in petrochemical enterprises.

Key words: petrochemical, buildings, blast resistance assessment, hazard identification, based on the consequences, based on the risk, blast wave

摘要： 为确定石油化工企业建筑物是否需要抗爆设计,采用基于后果和基于风险两种方法对建筑物进行抗爆评估。采用DNV公司的PHAST&SAFETI系列软件,计算某炼化项目建筑物受到的爆炸冲击波对建筑物的超压值。采用基于后果的评估方法,选取泄漏孔径为25 mm的泄漏场景进行计算,得出超压值大于6.9 kPa的机柜间、控制室等建筑物应采取抗爆设计,超压值大于48 kPa的建筑物宜进行平面布置调整;采用基于风险的评估方法,计算得出累积频率大于1×10^-4、超压值大于6.9 kPa爆炸荷载的建筑物应采取抗爆设计。提出了两种建筑物抗爆评估方法,为石油化工企业建筑物抗爆设计及总平面优化设计提供了依据。

关键词: 石油化工企业, 建筑物, 抗爆评估, 危险源辨识, 基于后果, 基于风险, 爆炸冲击波