Abstract:

This article introduces the design case of the first application of the complete set of patented technology “bottom-burning trapezoidal heater” to the reaction feed heater of residue hydrogenation unit, and summarizes the design practice of this complete set of technology. The combination of trapezoidal heater body structure and wall attached combustion technology improves the uniformity of the temperature field and thermal intensity field of the flue gas in the upper and lower parts of the radiation chamber furnace, reduces the circumferential non-uniformity coefficient of the thermal intensity on the surface of the furnace tubes in the upper and lower parts of the radiation chamber, reduces the peak thermal intensity on the surface of the furnace tubes, improves the average surface thermal intensity of the furnace tubes, reduces the amount of high alloy furnace tubes used, and obtains a stable temperature rise gradient for the heated medium inside the furnace tubes, slowing down the trend of cracking and coking of the heated medium in the furnace tube. Through optimization and innovative design in four aspects, including coil layout scheme, heater automatic control, furnace steel structure calculation, and chimney structure, especially the application of CO combustion control technology and sealed viewing door, the oxygen volume fraction in the furnace has been reduced from 3.0% to about 1.5%, improving heat efficiency and enhancing the safe operation ability of the heater, achieving the goals of energy conservation, emission reduction, and long-term operation.

Key words: residue hydrogenation, feed heater, bottom-burning trapezoidal heater, coil arrangement, heater steel structure, CO combustion control technology, sealed heater viewing door, uniform tube-type flowmeter

摘要：

介绍了将“底烧式梯形加热炉”成套专利技术首次应用于渣油加氢装置反应进料加热炉的设计案例，并对该成套技术的设计实践情况进行了总结。梯形加热炉炉体结构与附墙燃烧技术结合，提高了辐射室炉膛上、下部烟气温度场和热强度场的均匀性，从而减小了辐射室上、下部的炉管表面热强度周向不均匀系数，降低了炉管表面热强度峰值，提高了炉管平均表面热强度，减少了高合金炉管用量，炉管内被加热的介质获得了稳定的温升梯度，减缓了被加热介质在炉管内裂解结焦的趋势。通过盘管布置方案、加热炉自动控制、炉体钢结构计算和烟囱结构等4个方面的优化创新设计，尤其是CO燃烧控制技术和密闭看火门的应用，可以将炉膛氧体积分数从3.0%降低到1.5%左右，提高了热效率，增强了加热炉的安全运行能力，达到了节能减排、长周期运行的目的。

关键词: 渣油加氢, 反应进料加热炉, 底烧式梯形加热炉, 盘管布置, 炉体钢结构, 密闭式炉膛看火门, 均速管式流量计