Abstract: In recent years, the rapid deactivation of alkylation catalyst has occurred in some FCC dry gas to ethylbenzene units, which has affected the normal production of the unit and the economic benefits of the refinery. The FCC dry gas comes from the upstream FCCU and is sent to the ethylbenzene unit after desulfurization. It contains impurities such as ammonia, organic amine and organic oxide. The operation adjustment and fluctuation of the upstream unit will cause the change of impurity content. Alkylation catalyst is acid catalyst, ammonia and organic amine will make catalyst deactivation quickly. High concentration of ammonia in FCC dry gas is the main factor of catalyst fast deactivating after investigation. According to investigation, measures such as stable operation, purging liquid from gas, adjusting water scrubbing design are put forward to control the mass of ammonia not exceeding 5 μg/g to prevent catalyst from fast deactivating, and to make the alkylation catalyst activity meet the requirement of long-term stable operation of the unit.

Key words: ethylbenzene unit, catalyst, fast deactivating, FCC gas, ammonia, amine

摘要： 近年来,有些催化裂化干气(催化干气)制乙苯装置陆续出现了烷基化催化剂快速失活的问题,影响了装置的正常生产和炼油厂的经济效益。催化干气来自上游催化裂化装置,经脱硫后送至乙苯装置,其组成中含有氨、有机胺、有机氧化物等杂质,上游装置操作调整和波动将会引起杂质含量变化。烷基化催化剂是酸性催化剂,氨和有机胺会使催化剂快速失活。根据调研分析,引起催化剂失活的主要原因是原料催化干气中携带的氨和有机胺含量超过了催化剂允许的值。根据调研情况提出了平稳操作、原料干气脱液、调整水洗设计等措施来控制进料中氨和有机胺的质量分数不超过5 μg/g,防止催化剂快速失活,使烷基化催化剂活性能满足装置长周期稳定运行。

关键词: 乙苯装置, 催化剂, 快速失活, 催化裂化干气, 氨, 有机胺