Abstract:

As a new type of special and efficient heat exchange equipment, spiral plate heat exchanger is suitable for high temperature, high viscosity and easy coking conditions because of its single channel self-cleaning. However, the practical application in the bottom of vacuum tower of fluidized bed residue hydrogenation unit(H-oil) is the first case in the world. This paper introduces the general situation of the application of spiral plate heat exchanger in H-oil, analyzes on the problems of rapid rise of pressure drop and high coke cleaning frequency in its practical application, discusses the coking mechanism, head gasket and central dead zone, etc., and explores the localization key problems and local structure optimal design. By adopting domestic new patented gaskets and adjusting the central flow channel of the heat exchanger, the coking problem is effectively solved, and the switching cycle is prolonged by more than 10 times.

Key words: H-oil, spiral plate heat exchanger, coking, head gasket

摘要：

螺旋板式换热器作为一种新型特殊高效换热设备，因其单通道自清洁，适用于高温、高黏度、易结焦工况。实际应用于沸腾床渣油加氢装置减压塔底为世界首例。介绍了螺旋板式换热器在沸腾床渣油加氢装置应用的概况，针对其应用中压力降上升迅速、清焦频率高的问题进行了分析，从结焦机理、头盖垫片、中心死区等方面进行探讨，同时进行了国产化攻关和局部结构优化。采用国产新型专利垫片并调整换热器中心流道，有效解决了结焦问题，将切换周期延长10倍以上。

关键词: 沸腾床渣油加氢装置, 螺旋板式换热器, 结焦, 头盖垫片