Abstract: The mechanical cleaning oil of crude oil storage tank has the characteristics of large quantity, high viscosity, high water content, stable emulsification and high mechanical impurity content. When directly entering the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit for refining, it is very easy to cause the fluctuation of electric desalting condition and block the tower plate, which has always been a difficult problem for refining enterprises. SINOPEC Zhenhai Refining & Chemical Company has made effective exploration on the processing of tank cleaning oil and studied a new treatment scheme of tank cleaning oil. The industrial practice shows that after pretreatment of tank cleaning oil, the volume fraction of water impurities is reduced to 0.5%, with a decrease of 90%, which is significantly improves the quality of tank cleaning oil; The influence of purified oil recycling after pretreatment on atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is greatly reduced, and the recycling capacity is guaranteed to be more than 10 m³/h, and the electric desalting water cutting and product quality meet the index requirements.

Key words: mechanical cleaning oil, pre-treatment technology, atmospheric and vacuum device, recycling capacity, purified oil, jet fuel, basic nitrogen content

摘要： 原油储罐机械清罐油(清罐油)具有黏度高、含水量高、乳化稳定、机械杂质含量高等特点，直接进常减压装置回炼时，极易引起电脱盐工况波动和堵塞塔盘，一直是炼油企业加工的难题。中国石油化工股份有限公司镇海炼化分公司对加工清罐油进行了有效探索，研究了一种新型的清罐油预处理方案。工业实践表明：采用此工艺对清罐油进行预处理后，水和沉淀物体积分数降低至0.5%，降幅达到90%，显著改善清罐油的品质；预处理后的净化油回炼对常减压装置的影响大大降低，回炼量保证在10 m³/h以上，电脱盐切水和产品质量均满足指标要求。

关键词: 机械清罐油, 预处理工艺, 常减压装置, 回炼量, 净化油, 喷气燃料, 碱性氮含量