Abstract:

The latest research and application progress of low carbon alkane dehydrogenation and light hydrocarbon aromatization technologies are introduced. The process characteristics and improvements of the corresponding technologies are summarized. Taking a refinery as an example, the effect of adding propylene/butane dehydrogenation unit is predicted. C₁～C₅ low-carbon alkanes are the components with the highest content of hydrogen produced in the process of oil and gas exploitation and processing, and their optimal utilization has attracted more and more attention. On the one hand, low-carbon alkane dehydrogenation process can obtain primary chemicals such as low-carbon olefins or aromatics, on the other hand, it can obtain low-cost by-product clean hydrogen. Low carbon alkane dehydrogenation has become an important path for new oil refining and chemical enterprises to optimize and efficiently utilize resources and build new advantages of oil refining and chemical integration. It is also an important choice for traditional oil refining enterprises to make full use of resource advantages, improve product added value, optimize hydrogen balance and reduce carbon emissions of hydrogen production from fossil feed.

Key words: light alkane, dehydrogenation process, conversion of methane, ethane dehydrogenation, propane/butane dehydrogenation, aromatization of light hydrocarbons, hydrogen resource balance

摘要：

介绍了低碳烷烃脱氢及轻烃芳构化技术的最新研究和技术进展，概括了相应技术的工艺特点及其改进措施，以某炼油厂为例，预测了增上丙烷/异丁烷脱氢装置的效果。C₁～C₅低碳烷烃是石油天然气开采及加工过程中产生的氢元素含量最高的组分，其优化利用日益受到重视。低碳烷烃脱氢工艺一方面可以获得低碳烯烃或芳烃等初级化学品，另一方面可以获得低成本的副产清洁氢气。该工艺已经成为新建炼油化工企业资源优化和高效利用、构建炼油化工一体化新优势的重要路径，也是传统炼油企业充分利用资源优势、提升产品附加值、优化氢气平衡、减少化石能源制氢碳排放的重要选择。

关键词: 低碳烷烃, 脱氢工艺, 甲烷转化, 乙烷脱氢, 丙烷/异丁烷脱氢, 轻烃芳构化, 氢气资源平衡